received a few minutes ago to my GMail. at first I thought it was a spam and was about to delete the email, but it turned out to be about FBI requesting my data from Apple
Chris Goodnow is a world-renowned immunologist. Before catching COVID in May, he was also an avid cyclist and surfer, the director of a major medical research institute, and my boss.
And then, like many other COVID patients, the virus hit his heart.
I shouldn’t have to say this, but calibrating COVID measures with the goal of keeping health systems *right* at the brink of collapse - but never over that line! - is not sustainable. It’s a recipe for healthcare workforce burnout + massive long-term disability. Stop it.
Having a rough day?
In 1988 a Russian technician missed a single hyphen in his code, transmitted it without checking, and thus instantly and irreversibly bricked a 6,200 kg spacecraft en route to Mars.
So. You’re doing OK.
It's live! After years of work and more than 16 months in peer review, the gnomAD package is now up at Nature. We have seven papers in total, exploring different scientific aspects of this collection of more than 140,000 exomes and genomes:
After seven amazing years in Boston, I am both sad and excited to (finally) be able to officially announce that I'll be returning to my native Australia in 2020 to start a new adventure!
“Working to benefit humanity is a priority,” says the company extracting 40% profit margins while blocking rare disease families from accessing publicly funded research. GFY.
We're hiring for a new position at Elsevier: Global Head of Diversity & Inclusion. Working to benefit humankind is a priority at Elsevier and we know that diverse minds are key to creating better solutions. Apply now:
The majority of senior academics still don’t understand how fast this is coming. This isn’t about trainees pursuing industry when academia doesn’t work out. Many of the best trainees are looking at academic life and deciding, quite sensibly, that there are better options.
I am witnessing - and a part of - a seismic shift in attitude from late stage postdocs considering leaving academia. A short🧵
Biotech funding bubble or not - the exodus of mid-career faculty is going to have a bigger impact than it seems on the upcoming talent pool 1/5
This has been the most surreal phase of the pandemic in Australia - mass infections, widespread absences, burned-out workforces, catastrophic load in hospitals, and total silence from the people who should be in charge.
Amazing. Someone in Ohio is shitting out a *staggering* amount of COVID from a chronic GI infection, making up almost the entirety of the detectable virus in local wastewater.
Yep. We’re witnessing the slow death of hypothesis-driven science, and (contrary to reports) this is mostly positive. It doesn’t mean ignoring biology; it means letting the data tell you what’s interesting, then designing experiments to validate and explore new patterns.
Very true. As a genomics researcher, I’ve had many people tell me that real biology starts with a hypothesis. Starting with big data is a no-no, a fishing expedition. The success of gwas over candidate-gene studies hasn’t changed their views. But younger people are more open …
So here's my advice on a career mindset for young academics: forget the serial model, and go parallel.
Figure out what you're good at, and what you enjoy.
Determine the full range of careers consistent with these parameters, and investigate all of them.
So here's the preprint for the gnomAD flagship paper, which describes our work over the last three years generating and QCing this resource, and figuring out how to use it to understand human variation and gene function: (thread)
Tackling COVID-19 effectively requires:
- sacrificing some individual liberty and privacy
- robust public health systems for testing and tracing
- public trust in scientific guidance
- clear messaging from government
Seriously, this virus is like America's kryptonite.
I'm delighted to announce the release of a brand new gnomAD dataset, v3, our first whole-genome call set natively aligned to GRCh38, containing 71,702 whole genomes: .
#ASHG19
Thrilled to announce the release of gnomAD v3, a catalogue of 700M genetics variants based on WGS from 71k samples!
It is our first release mapped to GRCh38 and represents a massive leap in analysis power for all non-coding analysis using gnomAD.
That Gmail predictive text thing is impressively good, but I'm disappointed that it hasn't yet learned to just preface all of my emails with "Really sorry for the delayed reply."
Heart complications are a common and serious side effect of COVID infection. There's a huge spike of new cardiac diagnoses made within 3 months of COVID infections, resulting in increased risk of death and long-term side effects.
Scientists: seriously, don’t fabricate your results. (1) It’s morally wrong; (2) it hurts science; (3)
@MicrobiomDigest
is going to catch you in like 5 minutes. Just don’t.
From a paper published in
@nature
yesterday by
@HarvardMed
scientists.
I just reported it to the EiC, with shaking hands and pounding heart because scary to see that this passed
#peerreview
and editorial screening in such a high impact journal.
As academic institutions around the globe come under increasing financial pressure, here’s a thought: we need to stop feeding the 40% profit margins of Elsevier executives, and spend that money on research instead.
My lab subscribes to the Rule Of Threes, which says that you should be able to communicate the core messages of your poster:
- in 3 minutes
- at a distance of 3 meters
- after both you and your discussant have consumed 3 beers
…but a wide variety of formats achieve these goals.
@dgmacarthur
We are overthinking posters. The title is important to draw in the casual poster cruiser. After that then just provide the scientific information in any fashion you please
To all the conference organizers currently making the brave (and expensive) decision to cancel, reschedule, or go remote: it’s the right call, and we appreciate it. Thanks.
The authors of the non-heterosexual behavior GWAS have sent a letter to the company offering that terrible “How gay are you?” genetic test, asking them to take it down. Let’s hope they listen.
COVID won't be forever. But it hasn't gone away yet, and pretending it has is leading to millions of people suffering illness and permanent disability, as well as breeding the variants that will lead to the next wave, and the next. We need to break this cycle.
Dear press offices: if you’re writing something on cool new genomics work, don’t illustrate it with an image of someone pointing at an artifact in the read-out of a long obsolete technology.
Over 1,200 with rare diseases received a diagnosis thanks to the integration of large-scale genomics into Stockholm's healthcare system, constituting a major leap forward in the emerging field of
#precisionmedicine
. Results out in
@GenomeMedicine
.
We’ve just been awarded AU$10M from the Medical Research Future Fund to support the development of OurDNA, a new program to increase the inclusion of under-represented communities in genomic research. Here's why I'm excited about this work. 🧵
In addition to being fit, Chris was 4x vaccinated. But while vaccines provide strong protection against acute disease and death, they seem to provide little or no protection against long COVID and other long-term virus-induced symptoms.
One of the weakness of the gnomAD data set is that we've focused entirely on small variants (SNVs and indels). UNTIL NOW. I'm excited to announce a new chapter in the project: gnomAD-SV, a systematic investigation of structural variants. Preprint here:
New policy: if you ask me to join a video call on Microsoft Teams I'll take it without complaint. But you're now dead to me, and I will spend the rest of my life secretly working towards your personal and professional downfall.
The bioRxiv team has done far, far more for science than most scientists will ever do. Huge congratulations to
@cshperspectives
and his crew - transforming biology one preprint at a time.
And they hit healthy people too. Chris was insanely fit. But as he notes in his article, 2.3% of professional athletes with COVID suffer heart problems severe enough to restrict them from training and competitive play:
Beautiful story about two of the most remarkable humans I have ever had the privilege of meeting - and their urgent fight against a rare and horrible genetic disease:
That means getting boosted, wearing a fitted N95/P2 mask to protect yourself and others, isolating and RAT-testing if you have symptoms, and avoiding crowded indoor places.
And, as Chris says, it means working on new transmission-blocking vaccines.
This excellent thread captures something I've seen so many times when mentoring young academics through career choices: the sense of guilt and failure that often comes with deciding to leave academia.
Academia is *built* to reinforce this sense. It's hard to fight it.
Excellent post from
@EricTopol
. This resonated strongly - the fact that boosters against an outdated strain work so well against omicron is amazing. We got *so lucky*. But this makes our vaccination failures (anti-vaxxers, global inequity) feel worse.
UK geneticists: as a fellow Brit, my condolences. And a reminder that I’m launching a new centre for population genomics in Australia next May. If you’re interested in doing large-scale human genomics in a slightly better physical and political climate, message me and let’s chat.
Australia and many other countries continue to persist in a bubble of denial. But with each new variant wave we are seeing another surge of preventable long-term disease triggered by this virus. This won't stop until we stop it.
My PhD mentor and personal hero, Kathryn North, was just awarded one of Australia’s highest honors for her service to genomic medicine. Incredibly well-deserved recognition both of her work and the importance of the field! 🏅🏅🏅
As
@my_helix
and other consumer genomics companies embraced diet genetics bullshit,
@23andMe
has generally stuck to solid science. Until now. This is disappointing to see.
End of an era: on Monday night this week we officially retired the old ExAC browser, after more than 5 years of continuous operation and over 13.5 million page views. (thread)
Super excited to release , a web application for browsing association results for 3,700 phenotypes across 281,850 individuals from the UK Biobank. The site features plots, tables, and controls for exploring billions of associations.
Excited to announce the beta release of a new version of the gnomAD browser, thanks to heroic work by
@mattsolomonson
. We’re looking for test users to check their favorite genes and give us feedback on the new features - check it out:
Massive new
@gnomad_project
release (v4) spanning exome/genome data from *over 800,000 individuals*. Huge congratulations to the entire gnomAD production team for their incredible work getting this over the line! A total game-changer for rare variant interpretation.
The
#gnomAD
team is proud to announce the release of gnomAD v4! The v4 dataset includes 730,947 exomes & 76,215 genomes, which is ~5x larger than the v2 & v3 releases combined, & includes nearly 120K indivs of non-European genetic ancestry
#ASHG23
(1/11)
One of the great frustrations of gnomAD: literally thousands of people with clinically actionable genetic variants, almost all of them likely unaware of their risk, and with no path for return of results. I now design all our genomic studies to allow return of secondary findings.
Are you a researcher working with humans or their samples? Did you ever find something in the lab that you wanted to tell the research participant? Or find something *you* would want to be told if you were the study participant?
It now seems clear that the actions that governments and individuals take over the next few weeks will save, or cost, tens to hundreds of thousands of lives, and every day matters.
This is an excellent summary:
Massive congratulations to
@beryl_bbc
for successfully defending her thesis today! An amazing presentation to cap off a stellar PhD. I’m incredibly fortunate to have had her as my first grad student. 🍾🍾🍾
ICYMI: The power of genomics to save lives is extraordinary - and this week it may have saved my life. My piece in
@TimesRedBox
on genome sequencing & the need to get the ethics right:
This whole piece on deep learning in genomics is worth reading, but I especially appreciated this point. Exquisite sensitivity to confounding => need for ever more careful study design.
The Biogen cluster is a cautionary tale for anyone still considering conferences/large meetings over the coming weeks. At this point we all have enough information. Organizers: cancel/reschedule/go remote, or any transmissions are on you.
Tackling COVID-19 effectively requires:
- sacrificing some individual liberty and privacy
- robust public health systems for testing and tracing
- public trust in scientific guidance
- clear messaging from government
Seriously, this virus is like America's kryptonite.
This is absolutely appalling, and totally incompatible with the way science is being done in 2021. The majority of cutting-edge science is now shared through preprints.
@arc_gov_au
you need to revert this policy and make amends to those affected.
The
@arc_gov_au
has ruled *dozens* of fellowship grants ineligible because the applications cited "preprints".
Not just in the applicants' publication list, but *anywhere* in the app.
Not just those co-authored by the applicant, but *any* "preprint".
Finally, a massive thank you to Chris, who played a huge role in bringing me back to Australia and supporting the development of my new team, and who steered the
@GarvanInstitute
successfully through COVID. Fingers crossed for a full recovery!
Important session at
@broadinstitute
this morning - a discussion of the need for greater diversity in human genetics, led by
@genetisaur
. She leads off with a pretty astonishing statistic: Europeans are 80% of samples in genetic studies, vs 16% of the global population.
Remember FOXP2, the "gene for language" that was recently positively selected in humans? Turns out it wasn't: Lovely work by
@egatkinson
and colleagues.
As Australia begins to emerge from lockdown, I'm launching a search for several key staff for our new Centre for Population Genomics, which will now be launching at the beginning of July with physical sites in Sydney and Melbourne. Please RT!
tl;dr
1. don't use UMAP for genetic ancestry
2. be careful with ancestry labels; they matter
3. All Of Us is one of the most thoughtfully inclusive programs in the history of human genetics, and will have enormous impact on reducing inequity in genomic medicine
Whenever I start getting too pessimistic about the US, I think about the incredible feat
@BroadGenomics
has managed to pull off in massive-scale COVID testing. It's exactly the kind of relentless innovation the country needs. Plus
@HeidiRehm
is a badass.
@dgmacarthur
@BroadGenomics
The team has not slept much lately. Even I joined them to work an overnight shift 4 pm to 4 am last night to help accession the >60,000 samples we got yesterday!
We've just added multinucleotide variant annotations to the gnomAD browser - so you can now see when a variant has another in-phase variant in the same codon that affects its interpretation. Example:
Roses are red
Violets are blue
Please stop using gnomAD as a control group for association studies
Unless you have a really firm grasp of the associated statistical challenges
#AcademicValentine
I definitely accept partial responsibility here - this approach leans on methods we used in the 2020 gnomAD paper - but endorse the concerns raised by
@jkpritch
,
@Graham_Coop
,
@ewanbirney
and others. UMAP isn't the right approach for showing genetic ancestry.
It's a pity that All of Us used UMAP to visualize ancestry variation in their new marker paper, out today in Nature.
The UMAP algorithm, by design, exaggerates the distinctiveness of the most frequent ancestries, a message that can be misinterpreted by the public.
Has anyone ever done a proper model of the price difference for institutions between Teams vs Slack/Zoom/GSuite, accounting for the productivity and morale loss incurred by Teams being fucking awful? Asking for a friend.
A more interesting but less visible trend is the (perfectly sensible) shift in attitudes of genomics trainees towards industry jobs being as or more appealing/prestigious as academic roles. The longer-term effects of this will be far more profound than PI departures.
Many of you will know the remarkable story of Eric and Sonia, and their battle to cure the disease that killed Sonia's mother (and will kill Sonia, if they don't stop it). If you don't know the story, read it here: And now, they need your help.
Look, I’ve been on Twitter for a decade, so I knew that effective virus containment would be followed by an outbreak of dumb “your numbers were wrong lol owned libs” takes.
But somehow - despite all my mental preparation - they’re even stupider than I imagined.
life in a core: you made an analysis that leads to a cell report paper, participated in the review process, and you end up in the acknowledgment section just because they had to pay for the service.
#bioinformatics
. work is paid with authorship or money, is that right?
Tufekci and other outsiders systematically out-performed the public health establishment over the last year to a degree that should embarrass us all out of arguments from authority. And yet, hey, here we are again.
I'll be directing a new centre for population genomics as a partnership between the Garvan Institute of Medical Research in Sydney and the Murdoch Children's Research Institute in Melbourne, bridging two world-class research institutes in the two largest cities in the country.
Still can’t quite believe the speed with which Eric and Sonia have gone from deciding on a research program to having a drug in the pipeline. A drug which, if successful, will save Sonia’s life. Testament to the power of hard work and intense focus:
Immensely proud to see today, for the first time, a drug candidate for prion disease — ION716 targeting PRNP — officially listed in
@ionispharma
's pipeline:
If you believe that people have a right to access their own genetic info, but also that this info should not be used to calculate insurance premiums, then the inevitable logical outcome is some form of socialized healthcare.
This thread points to an issue that we discussed in JAMA a couple of years ago: the threat that spread of personal genetic information has for insurance underwriting decisions, and the likely pressure to come for insurer access
.
@JShendure
calls for a Manhattan Project to understand the function of all human genes, including genome-wide perturbation studies, systematically engineering variants, predictive modeling, and doubling down on model organisms
#genomics2020
I expect (and hope) to see many more institutions sensibly follow UC’s example and unsubscribe from Elsevier’s price-gouging model.
So, want to make sure your science is read widely? (1) post it as a preprint; (2) talk about it on Twitter; (3) don’t publish in Elsevier journals.
This is so cool - a remarkably frequent mutation in a non-protein-coding RNA gene, which causes around one in every 200 currently undiagnosed cases of developmental delay around the world (including 8 Australian families so far!). A couple of thoughts (1/3)
Would you believe me if I told you that a single variant in a non-coding RNA explains ~0.5% of all undiagnosed individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in
@GenomicsEngland
???
I didn’t initially either, but here is the story of RNU4-2 🧵1/9
I’ll say it again: Gattaca. Dude with a deadly heart condition fakes and lies his way into a mission-critical role on a space shuttle, selfishly endangering his crew-mates. Audience inexplicably cheers him on.