I'll never gatekeep knowledge.
I fully believe that PhDs can figure out how to leave academia on their own. Here is a free guide with links to every resource I know:
So you're going to do a PhD! Yay! Here's my best advice:
1) Don't work nights/weekends unless you have a hard deadline. Work 40hrs, no more. My most cherished grad school experiences were hanging out with my friends. Do not waste your youth providing unpaid labor. Don't do it!!
So, let me get this straight. I won not one, but two
@APA
awards. But, in order to accept these awards at the conference, I need to pay nearly $600 in registration fees.
No one day pass. No fee wavier. No way to attend a 50 min ceremony.
Conferences are a scam. I’m not going.
By age 30, you should have a PhD and be several years into a post-doc with no house, no retirement savings, and no long-term job security in the field that you’ve devoted the last decade of your life.
I spent 10 years in academia. I published 15 first author papers. I won two dissertation awards. I had a prestigious post-doc fellowship.
And yet, no one could guarantee that I would get an academic job. This is the state of the job market.
You must consider alt-ac careers.
5) Be kind. Do not fall into the toxicity of academia. Academia is full of smart people trained to be hypercritical (and, unfortunately as a result, negative). You can follow this path, or you can be the change. You do not have to perpetuate intergenerational trauma.
During the final year of my PhD, I had no papers published from grad school. I seriously considered leaving academia b/c of harsh journal rejections.
In 2020, I published seven first-author papers, more than all other years of my career combined.
You matter. Your work matters.
Overall, I had a really positive PhD experience. Now that I’ve reached 10k followers (!), I’m ready to share my secret:
You must choose an advisor who be kind and not toxic for 5+ years. Oh, and you need decide this based on a few hours of interviews. Don’t pick wrong! 1/
PhD students: if you want to pursue a TT faculty position, I highly recommend sitting on a hiring committee in your dept. Check out how the hiring process works!
I sat on a hiring committee as a 4th year phd, & what I saw made me reconsider my entire career trajectory. 1/
6) Don't be afraid of change if you are unhappy. Find a different advisor. Change programs. Leave altogether! You do not need a PhD to live a happy life. But if you wreck your mental health for a degree, you will likely regret it. Do what is best for YOU 💛
Three months ago, I was diagnosed with Autism. I'm 32. I had masked so heavily my entire life, no one ever noticed.
Not even me - a Developmental Psych PhD.
Here are 4 major signs I ignored for years: 1/
3) Go to therapy (if you can afford it). Seriously. I was in therapy for my last four years of grad school, and WOW. I was able to manage the stress of grad school & process previous trauma/grief to become a happier person. One of the best decisions I've made.
2) Explore alt-ac jobs. Do an industry internship . Not only will you learn about the kinds of careers you like, but you will also have industry experience for your resume. I said no to an internship opportunity in grad school, and I regret it now! Do not commit to being a prof.
A solid resume is necessary to getting an
#altac
job. But I’ve seen so many resumes from academics that don’t understand the assignment.
You can’t just list all your experience. You need to quantify it.
Here’s how to get started (you’ll want to save this tweet 😉):
#AltAcChats
As a PhD student, I rarely worked more than 40 hours a week. I published seven first author papers and won two dissertation awards.
You'll never do your best work while burnt out.
Take a break this month.
Yesterday, 20 tenured professors told me why they left academia for industry.
Here's what they said:
1. "I was on the tenure track and it broke me. I lost my identity and confidence."
When I started looking at non-academic job ads, I often thought "what does this even mean??" It's easy to believe you're unqualified for a job when you don't understand industry jargon.
So here are my top five must-know terms, translated for academics: 1/
#AltAcChats
"Did I just waste the last decade of my life?"
It's a question I've asked myself often.
Not so long ago, academic success meant everything to me: I was a straight-A student. I was the first person in my family to go to college or earn a PhD. I won over 20 awards in the process.…
A PhD should guarantee a stable job after graduation.
A decade of post-secondary education should teach you fundamental job search skills.
A degree conferred to < 2% of the world's population should lead to a six-figure salary.
4) If your stipend sucks, find a side hustle.
@UW
was/is garbage & only paid $25k pretax (in SEATTLE!!). I found some easy jobs as a writing tutor, psych subject pool manager, and yoga teacher to make an extra $15k. I used the $$ to eat out/travel with my friends (see tip
#1
)
"Should I do a post-doc after my PhD or go right into industry? I want to see if I can get an academic job."
I grappled with this same question three years ago. Instead, I wish I would have asked myself this:
"Would I pay $120,000 for the *chance* at an academic job?" 1/
I'm often asked "should I do a PhD?"
I usually say no, because:
- a PhD doesn't prepare you for most careers
- a PhD isn't required for most careers
- the risk to your mental health is high
- the opportunity cost is high $$
How would you answer this question?
Four months ago, I posted my UXR salary on academic twitter.
As a post-doc, I had no idea how much more money I could make in UXR, so I wanted to share this info with others weighing similar decisions.
The response was far worse than I expected. 1/
Feeling really emotional today as I work on my diversity statement. For the first time in my life, I am writing these words:
I have a disability.
Disclosure has been a very very hard choice, but I know it is the right choice: 1/
Yesterday, I received this e-mail 😭
My response:
Hi Joe,
What a blast from the past - I did indeed take three of your classes from 2010 to 2012!
I'm happy to know that you found me interesting, because I remember myself as being quite stubborn (as most 20-year-olds are...)…
This
@Nature
article was published in 2011. In twelve years, absolutely nothing has changed.
Nothing is going to change.
Academia is broken. It’s been broken for a very long time.
Don’t waste your life in a post-doc.
Leaving academia is emotional.
There's grief, from losing your identity.
Shame, from being perceived as a failure.
Overwhelm, from not knowing what to do next.
1/
I have felt so much heartbreak and grief about leaving academia. But, I have also felt excited about the future for the first time in a very long time.
I'm looking forward to all the adventures that await me in this next chapter of my life 💛🦙
If you’re a PhD who has “left” academia, I want to connect with you on LinkedIn!
Also, I need your help. I need you to tweet/post more.
I want to amplify your voice. We need you to show other PhDs what life can be like outside of academia.
Because many still don’t know. 1/
Graduate students are employees.
Academia isn't a calling.
Unionization will make wages fairer for all.
Good luck hiring post-docs to do your research!
Before you mock all the "I'm leaving academia" posts:
My DMs are full of grads/post-docs who feel seen & encouraged by these posts. They needed to hear that an industry job is not a "failure". They needed to see others go through this same process. Because, so often they have...
At 2 AM on December 25, 2021, I couldn’t sleep.
I called my partner: "I'm quitting my post-doc."
"Are you sure?" he asked. I could tell he was surprised - surprised that I would walk away from a career in which I had devoted much of my life. For which I had sacrificed so much.…
Things I want for Christmas:
1. A living wage for PhD students
2. Permanent positions for post-docs
3. Work-life balance for all academics
4. Any accountability for toxic supervisors
5. Support for PhDs wanting non-ac careers
Two years ago today, I hit my breaking point.
I was rejected from my top-choice faculty position.
Academic hiring sucks. You have hundreds of applicants for a single position. Everyone is qualified. Everyone has a PhD and a few publications.
To apply, you spent hours writing…
And who does this hurt the most? Who does this push out of academia?
BIPOC researchers. Queer researchers. First-gen researchers. Disabled researchers.
People like you & me. People who are so very tired of fighting in a system based on prestige instead of merit 💛
/end
My biggest barrier to leaving academia was this idea that I would only be intellectually fulfilled by my niche research area.
I was wrong. Turns out, I like the research process more than any specific research question. Oh, and work-life balance w/o guilt. I like that too.
I analyzed 20+ years of NSF survey data.
Since 2015, academia has been the "alternative" career path for PhDs.
But it was the breakdown by field that really shocked me.
Do these graphs match your PhD experience? 1/
When I was a PhD student, professors told me what having an industry job was *really* like.
Everything they told me was wrong.
Let's start telling the truth about what it's like to work outside of academia. 1/
Friendly reminders to all PhDs:
1. You are a smart, highly-skilled person.
2. Your skills are valued outside of academia.
3. You can find fulfilling work outside of academia.
4. You can learn anything that you set your mind to.
&
5. Be kind to yourself. Academia is hard.
So, now what? I'm going to take a remote researcher position so I can move back to NC.
I'm also going to live a full & happy live outside of work. I'm (finally!) going to buy a house and have children and get a dog (& maybe some alpaca!) w/o worrying about the tenure clock.
7/
My whole identity has been centered on academia. So I've had to tell myself over & over again that being a professor is just a job. It’s not the only job. It’s not the Best Job™. It’s just a job.
I now get to decide who I am when not solely defined by work. It's freeing.
5/
For those in the midst of this transition, I see you. I know how hard this is. I know how scary it is to give up something good in the hopes of something better. I know how it feels to lose a part of yourself.
It gets better. It gets easier.
💛/end
Last month, I finally asked myself. And it was clear that I did not want this career. Why?
I want to live near my family in NC. I want work-life balance without crushing guilt. I want to do work that has a clear impact.
And, I want to be happy. Right now, I am not happy.
3/
I was always confused about why former academics seemed to “vanish” after starting an alt-ac job.
But after being off academic Twitter for ~3 weeks now, I get it.
It’s not about shame or embarrassment for “leaving” academia. It’s about being so tired of academic culture. 1/
Maybe it's time for a reintroduction 🤗
Last December, I decided to leave my prestigious post-doc fellowship & successful academic research program in order to pursue a UX career.
It's been one year since I made that choice. My only regret is not leaving academia sooner. 1/
3. I've memorized "scripts" for social interactions.
In conversations, I'm constantly monitoring how much I'm talking + how much the other person is talking. I'm thinking of questions to ask, wanting to seem engaged.
I thought everyone was running a script in their heads. 4/
4. I force myself to smile and appear "bubbly".
I know that people prefer this version of me. Otherwise, I've been called "tired" or not "enthusiastic" (even when I am).
I used to called this "upregulating" my affect. Now, I realize it's "masking". 5/
This tweet sums up EXACTLY why academia has a such huge diversity problem.
Who decides what’s a “boring research program,” a “poor pub record,” or a “higher-tier” PhD program?
It’s profs like this: a U Chicago prof with an MIT PhD & Yale BA…
1. Eye contact is uncomfortable.
I remind myself, often, to look at people in the eyes. I do it because it's a social norm in the United States, not because I naturally want to - most of the time, I find eye contact to feel weird.
I thought everyone felt that way. 2/
...but I'll never really "fit in" to neurotypical life. I'm slowly coming to terms with that.
Coupled with a recent ADHD diagnosis, and I'm appreciating how much I've contorted myself to survive all these years.
And how I'll have to continue to survive.
/end
In grad school, I published seven first author papers & won two dissertation awards. All while not working more than 40 hours a week on research.
You don't need to be exploited and unpaid to be great at something important.
For some people, talking about salary is "taboo" or "tacky". But thankfully, younger generations are breaking down these barriers.
It's important to talk about salaries to close pay gaps based on gender, race, and other socio-demographic factors.
5/
At 2 AM on December 25, 2021, I couldn’t sleep. I called my best friend & told him that I decided to quit my post-doc.
I gave myself the best gift that year: finally prioritizing my happiness & my mental health.
It’s always okay to choose yourself. Merry Christmas, friends🎄✨
Alright, my fellow PhDs. We need to talk about sending connection requests on LinkedIn.
Because some of you don’t know how to network professionally. No worries - I know we didn't have any training for this!
Here's how to connect with anyone (including me): 1/
I don't know who needs to hear this, but it is not your responsibility to "fix" academia.
In fact, you probably can't. No matter how hard you try. The efforts of a single person will not fix these deep, systemic issues.
This was the hardest truth for me to internalize.
Got my first paycheck! 💰 But looking at the number, I realized something…
I make more money in one week as a UXR than I made in an entire MONTH as a grad student.
My stipend was <$2k a month. In Seattle. I had to work extra jobs.
How do universities think that this is okay?
I'm slowly peeling back these layers. Trying to figure out who I am behind the mask.
But I've been masking for so long, I don't really know who "I" am. Masking is so ingrained. So automatic.
I've learned how to "fit in", as best as I can anyway... 6/
Currently in final round interviews for a job that pays 3x what I'm making now as a post-doc. I have intense imposter syndrome, not because of the qualifications (I have them), but because of the salary.
Doubt I would feel this way if post-docs were paid more 🤔
The sheer number of applicants will shock you. We had 120 people (a low #) applying for one position. We could only choose three for on-site interviews.
And if you still have any delusions that TT hiring is merit-based, sitting on a hiring committee will fix that real quick. 2/
“And let's not forget - academia is competitive for a reason. It's a meritocracy, where the most qualified and dedicated individuals rise to the top.”
- a not-sarcastic post on LinkedIn today 💀
2. I take things (very) literally.
There are so many examples of figurative speech that have gone completely over my head. I used to joke that I was "too smart" to understand basic word play.
I thought this was just a funny quirk of mine. 3/
A survey of early career PhDs found:
- 48% felt (very) stressed daily
- 61% thought their workload was too high
- 42% experienced bullying by their supervisor
- 58% were considering leaving academia due to mental health concerns
You are not alone.
Your grad school advisor is the decider of whether your experience is fun/bearable or absolutely awful.
It doesn’t matter how great you are. I’ve seen many brilliant grad students just absolutely broken by toxic advisors. Several of them never finished their PhD. 2/
My therapist told me to start adding “and that’s okay” to the end of my anxious thoughts. It’s surprisingly hard!
“The future is uncertain…” and that’s okay.
“Other people may not like me…” and that’s okay.
“I’m having a hard time right now…” and that’s okay.
Annual reminder for PhDs on the academic job market:
I spent a decade in academia. I had 15 first author publications. I won two dissertation awards. I had a prestigious post-doc fellowship.
No one could guarantee I would get an academic job.
You must consider alt-ac careers.
I won two prestigious awards for my dissertation. How did I do it?
I applied.
Good research isn’t enough. You can’t win anything unless you submit an application.
Believe in yourself.
Are we really surprised that there is rampant hiring bias in academia?
When faculty can make any decision they want, who is stopping them from hiring their friends' students? Or applicants with fancy degrees & famous advisors?
Precisely nothing. 6/
Yes, I have more post-doc funding. Yes, I also have two major federal fellowships still under review. Yes, my CV is competitive. Yes, I could be a professor if I weren't so geographically constrained.
But, I am. So I am applying to industry jobs (& I have interviews!).
4/
To everyone saying, "you should publish this analysis!"
Why on earth would I spend months/years of my life publishing a dense scientific paper that few will read, when my thread already has 450,000+ impressions??
Social media impact > journal impact.
Academia is funny.
I analyzed 20+ years of NSF survey data.
Since 2015, academia has been the "alternative" career path for PhDs.
But it was the breakdown by field that really shocked me.
Do these graphs match your PhD experience? 1/
If you're going to do a PhD, make sure that you have:
- a supportive advisor *
- training for non-academic careers
- enough $ to live without needing loans
- access to affordable mental health care
* this is the most important
What else would you add?
The bitter truth about academia:
Your advisor is the decider of whether your experience is fun/bearable or absolutely awful.
It doesn’t matter how smart you are. No one escapes a toxic advisor.
I saw applicants rejected for having a "boring research program" or not being "committed" enough to academia.
I saw committee members have clear "favorites" who were pushed along.
I seemed to be the only one who read the diversity or teaching statements. 3/
The # of grad students who open their DMs to me with “I’m sorry to bother you but can you help me…” breaks my heart.
You never need to apologize for asking for help. I want to help you!
Just promise me that, one day, you’ll “send the elevator back down” for others too 💛
It’s been 3 months since I “left” academia: I walked away from my research program, 15 first-author pubs, & a prestigious post-doc fellowship.
Guess what? I don’t miss it. Not even a little bit. I wouldn’t take a TT job now.
If I can make this transition, you can too.
4 predictions about academia in 2024:
1. Rise in grad student & post-doc unions
2. Increased salaries = smaller labs = fewer papers
3. More PhD students choosing non-academic careers
4. Many tenured faculty deciding to "leave" academia
What would you add?
Oh, I have an idea.
Why would anyone do disruptive research with a high failure risk, when they could do incremental research & churn out pubs?
Until we start valuing quality > quantity in academic research, scientific progress will stagnate.
This is the last day of my post-doc. Next week I will be a UX Researcher.
Behind many choices to leave academia is an unrealized dream. Today, I want to tell you about mine. I want to tell you about my lab. The lab I dreamed of running as a professor. The lab I will never run 1/
Do I regret my PhD or post-doc? Absolutely not.
I have moved the needle (however slightly) in the field of infant emotional development. I feel great about the work that I have done in my short academic career.
And if anyone wants to collaborate, I am still here!
6/
We especially need to talk about salary in academia. I make more money now as a brand new UXR compared to most full professors. This isn't right.
Academia severely underpays and overworks its PhD workforce. No wonder so many tenured faculty are leaving for industry. 7/
Hello new friends, followers, & allies in the fight against post-doc exploitation 👋🏻💪🏻
The hardest part about reading negative comments on my last tweet, is that I used to believe those sentiments myself. I used to believe that post-doc salaries were acceptable... 1/
#AltAcChats
I have more time, more money, and more fulfillment compared to my academic career. My mental health is better than it's ever been. I feel lighter, like an enormous dark weight has been lifted.
7/
As someone who moved from academia ➡️ "industry", my DMs are full of questions.
Many are from grad students/post-docs who are unhappy & wondering "should I 'leave' my phd program?" "Should I 'leave' academia?"
I almost always say yes. 1/
Unexpected benefits of leaving academia:
- frequent praise for my work
- never checking my e-mail after work hours
- taking paid time off without a second thought
- no more wondering whether I'm "good enough"
- rediscovering my love of research and learning
Your PhD skills are valued so much more outside of academia. My salaries:
2019, post-doc salary: $50k
2020, post-doc salary: $52k
2021, post-doc salary: $54k
2022, UXR salary: $160k
2023, HFE salary: $150k
Sorry
@NIH
- $70k still isn't enough for post-docs.
It's true. I make more money in UXR than most full profs.
But I'm not a money obsessed tech bro. I'm just a hurt, former post-doc who sacrificed everything for academia & got nothing in return.
I quit academia for many reasons unrelated to salary. There was so much else: 1/
Nearly one year ago, I decided to leave academia.
I knew I was changing careers. But I didn't know that I was about to go through a series of extremely painful identity crises.
I wish someone would have warned me what was about to happen. So I'm telling you now. 1/