caspar @casparschwa Twitter profile

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caspar

3 months

wrote down some thoughts with @adietrichs , exploring the status quo of staking economics, its drawbacks as we see them, and what the endgame of staking economics could look like + what we should do in the short term until endgame.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

1/ Let's do a little thread on how reorgs work in PoS Ethereum and how they will be mitigated 🧵

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

1/ Time is Money: Timing Games in PoS Protocols tldr: a block proposer may strategically delay their block proposal to maximize MEV capture, while making sure the block is still early enough to become part of the canonical chain.

Time is Money: Strategic Timing Games in Proof-of-Stake Protocols

We propose a model suggesting that honest-but-rational consensus participants may play timing games, and strategically delay their block proposal to optimize MEV capture, while still ensuring the...

arxiv.org

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

1/ Why timing games are bad for Ethereum.

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caspar

@casparschwa

5 months

Our space certainly needs more economists thinking about the kind of problems we face. So I am very excited for there to be a session on the economics of Ethereum at one of most influential economics conferences, ASSA. I'll also be presenting our work on timing games tomorrow.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

Today some researchers asked for resources to dive into eth2 and so I put together a list. I am sharing it here in case it can be useful to others as well. It is published here: Or you can follow along below 👇 1/

Ethereum resources - HackMD

# Ethereum resources I put together a list of resources that I found helpful to dive into ethereum

notes.ethereum.org

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caspar

@casparschwa

4 months

We need to reconsider the issuance curve! A very important topic that has been under the radar for too long and needs broad discussion. @weboftrees strikes again with this mammoth of a piece that I cannot recommend highly enough.

Properties of issuance level: consensus incentives and variability across potential reward curves

Properties of issuance level: consensus incentives and variability across potential reward curves By Anders Elowsson Thanks to Barnabé Monnot, Francesco D’Amato, Caspar Schwarz-Schilling, Thomas...

ethresear.ch

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

staking economics endgame: issuance curve adjustment proposal for electra:

Electra: Issuance Curve Adjustment Proposal

by @adietrichs and @caspar In this document we argue for a change of the issuance curve in the upcoming network upgrade Electra. For a more detailed account of the current issuance policy, its...

ethereum-magicians.org

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

favorite conference of the year! The quality of speakers but more importantly all attendees was incredible. To the point that it was exhausting because every hall way conversation was demanding in the best sense.

Tim Roughgarden

@Tim_Roughgarden

6 months

Thanks to everyone who attended the Columbia Cryptoeconomics Workshop last week and made it such a success! We'll be releasing videos of all the talks in the coming weeks

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@TimBeiko

Hsiao-Wei Wang

@icebearhww

3 years

Bear with me. 🐼 #TheMerge #EDCON2021

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

3/ If you really want to dive into some of the attack vectors take a look at our recent paper discussing everything in great detail. I wrote it together with some fantastic people @jneu_net @barnabemonnot @adiasg @ErtemTas @dntse

Three Attacks on Proof-of-Stake Ethereum

Recently, two attacks were presented against Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Ethereum: one where short-range reorganizations of the underlying consensus chain are used to increase individual validators'...

arxiv.org

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

gg everyone - this was pleasantly boring

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

2/ We'll walk through different reorg attack vectors and then fix them. But let's start off by listing some resources. I recently gave a talk at @0xliscon on "The game of reorgs in PoS Ethereum", in which I talked about most of this thread's content:

The game of reorgs in PoS Ethereum-Caspar Schwarz-Schilling - EF

This is "The game of reorgs in PoS Ethereum-Caspar Schwarz-Schilling - EF" by LisCon on Vimeo, the home for high quality videos and the people who love them.

vimeo.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 months

thanks for having us on and the productive back and forth @hasufl @jon_charb ! staking economics is a super important topic and hopefully this convo helps to give more context on the intentions of our proposals and how we see things :)

Uncommon Core 2.0

@UCC2_xyz

2 months

ETHEREUM STAKING ENDGAME @hasufl & @jon_charb brought on @adietrichs & @casparschwa from the EF following their latest research & proposal to change ETH issuance 2.5 hours going deep on PoS economics, LSTs, restaking, economic security & more Links below 👇

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

6/ A good primer on ex post reorgs is @gakonst 's and @VitalikButerin 's blog post on reorgs after The Merge:

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

Ethereum GPT with context of @benjaminion_xyz ’s technical handbook + annotated specs + all EIPs

caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

@Butta_eth I had also called it Ethereum GPT lol

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

4/ There already is an open PR that mitigates practically all reorg issues. Proposer Weight Boosting: But we're also currently exploring a different change to the fork choice rule, hoping to reduce complexity. Feedback welcome!

Change fork choice rule to mitigate balancing and reorging attacks

This post is co-authored by Carl, Caspar and Francesco. Special thanks to Danny and Barnabé for input and discussions. This proposal involves understanding two attack vectors (balancing attacks and...

ethresear.ch

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caspar

@casparschwa

8 months

It’s not every day that a thread with >100 tweets drops (and is only a subsection) but please please read this! Incredibly important work with lots of great mental models by @weboftrees and a much needed input for this otherwise often noisy staking economics discussion.

Anders Elowsson 🌻

@weboftrees

8 months

1. I consider minimum viable issuance to be an important pledge to the regular Ethereum user. Staking should secure Ethereum, but not become an inflation tax, degrading utility and liquidity while generating monopolistic hazard. A thread on staking economics: 🧵

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

core devs are signing up to mentor at @ETHBerlin while you're out here doomscrolling CT

Department of Decentralization

@dod_berlin

2 years

We all started somewhere and, let's face it, many of us wouldn't have gotten far without the help & guidance of amazing mentors. Want to share your wisdom with the new generation of hackers? Fill us (and the form) in with your skills 💅

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

off to a great start - room not found

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caspar

@casparschwa

7 months

And we’re live!

StreamETH

@streameth

7 months

2pm Istanbul time @ethconomics kicks-off! 🗣️Transaction Fee Mechanism Design with Active Block Producers 🎙️ @bahrani_maryam , researcher at @a16z Crypto Full event overview with streams, schedule, speakers and more:

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

5/ Let's get into it. There are two flavors of reorgs: ex post reorgs - adversary observes a block that they subsequently attempt to fork out. ex ante reorgs - adversary attempts to fork out a future block that is unknown to the adversary at the start of the attack.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

4/ Timing games are zero-sum. If you delay your block proposal by 1s, the next (honest) proposer loses 1s. What is your win, is the next block proposer's loss. If all validators start playing timing games, no one wins, but network is in a worse state! More missed slots, reorgs...

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

16/ This was a very high level thread on intricate fork choice related issues. If you're interested please read some of the linked references and feel free to reach out!

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

9/ Ex post reorgs to be concluded asap require ~2/3 of stake; at which point we have bigger things to worry about. Can a smaller staker by chance control 2/3 of a committee? No! For a 65%-staker to control 2/3 of a 7784-size-committee, in any given slot has probability ~0.05%.

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

My boss @barnabemonnot currently talking about censoring me onchain.

Berlin Ethereum Meetup

@BerlinMeetup

1 year

Our monthly Berlin Ethereum Meetups are back! Starting this Thursday, Feb 23rd, with talks by Ethereum Foundation researchers @barnabemonnot , @fradamt & @casparschwa . See you at @fullnode_berlin at 7pm :)

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

Barnabé feeding us great mental models as per usual. This post will be super helpful to navigate discussions around staking, liquid staking, re-staking, ... + all the principal-agent problems that come with it!

barnabe.eth

@barnabemonnot

6 months

Trying out @viamirror with a new post on semantics for staking! The explosion of creativity unlocked by liquid and re-staked assets makes it hard to orient oneself and unravel their constructions. Post 1 digs into liquid staking mechanisms.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

babe wake up there is a new @dankrad post.

Dankrad Feist

@dankrad

2 years

If you are staking on Ethereum and currently running Prysm, this is for you: Run the majority client at your own peril! In this post I detail the enormous risks that staking with the majority client incurs.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

8/ In PoS Ethereum ex post reorgs become practically impossible. Why? 👏 Power 👏 Of 👏 Parallel 👏 Attestations 👏 Thousands of attesters add weight to blocks in parallel every single slot. The adversary needs to compete with all of them.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

@TuurDemeester @KyleLogiks you might want to take a look at existing mitigations as well... There is an open PR that fixes these attacks: as well as this potentially elegant solution:

Change fork choice rule to mitigate balancing and reorging attacks

This post is co-authored by Carl, Caspar and Francesco. Special thanks to Danny and Barnabé for input and discussions. This proposal involves understanding two attack vectors (balancing attacks and...

ethresear.ch

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

8/ Timing games are a geographic centralization vector. Ultimately they lead to latency optimizations. Deviating validators want to be collocated to other nodes so that they can release blocks as late as possible, while still ensuring their block becomes canonical.

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caspar

@casparschwa

11 months

Great post by Mikołaj! Super interesting to think about when and where txs should be considered executed.

Mikołaj Barczentewicz

@0xMikolaj

11 months

The EVM as the ghost of the Ethereum machine and the question where/when are transactions executed. Comments appreciated!

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

10/ Let's talk ex ante reorgs. Why would you even want to do one? To extract MEV ofc! If you're lucky and the proposer after you has juicy MEV, you can copy/paste their block's content and reorg it out. Worst case you get more listening time to tx mempool. Always weakly better.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

14/ We're also exploring another idea by @fradamt , @CarlBeek , and myself: Proposer's view merge. Attesters listen to messages until 10s into slot, and sync with proposer's view (observable on-chain) before attesting in the next slot.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

9/ @phildaian wrote a great piece on why we need to be geographic decentralization maxis:

🤖

@phildaian

1 year

just published "Decentralized crypto needs you: to be a geographical decentralization maxi"

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caspar

@casparschwa

9 months

Account of @VitalikButerin got hacked. Don’t click links etc.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

11/ You can get more fancy and split committees into different views: The adversary releases their attestation such that roughly half of the honest validators see it before they receive the honest block and so see attacker's block as leading, vice versa for other half.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

we think high staking ratios have neg externalities: * LSTs are a winner-takes-most market due to network effects of money. This LST cd replace eth as the de facto money of ethereum. but for true economic scalability the money of ethereum should be max trustless: raw eth. * ...

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

7/ Ex post reorgs are what we usually think of in the context of reorgs. In PoW world a 10%-miner may have a decent shot at ex post reorging: If the incentive is high enough (think: 100ETH MEV block) a 1% success rate may make it worthwhile trying.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

@Butta_eth I had also called it Ethereum GPT lol

ChatGPT - Ethereum GPT

This GPT is aware of the Ethereum specs and can help answer technical questions around Ethereum.

chat.openai.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

I’ll talk about ‘Time in Ethereum’ at devcon later. In PoS time progresses in constant time intervals, which has both up- and downsides. In particular, I’ll explore how the proposer’s guaranteed right to propose can lead to strategic timing of messages.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 months

I tried it and it works very smoothly. With monerium the on and off ramp of stables is incredibly quick and low friction. we’re really starting to see pieces come together. more and more real world ethereum

Martin Köppelmann 🦉💳

@koeppelmann

2 months

You want to be a Gnosis Pay OG and be part of our mission to bring payments onchain? Order the card now on the last day that will still get you the OG NFT!

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

14/ There is more than the above and it's not easy to solve. I'll follow up with another thread on why fundamentally solving timing games is so hard.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

3/ Background on timing games:

caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

1/ Time is Money: Timing Games in PoS Protocols tldr: a block proposer may strategically delay their block proposal to maximize MEV capture, while making sure the block is still early enough to become part of the canonical chain.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

6/ Timing games are an economic centralization vector. First, participants that strategically delay their blocks outcompete honest participants. Second, sophisticated actors can play timing games better by being able to invest and operate more performant node infrastructure

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

It’s important for home stakers to be able to participate in MEV post merge. Otherwise only large, trusted players like CEXs or staking pools will profit — centralizing. Until we get to complete privacy we‘ll have to live with escrows, so that validators don’t need to be trusted

Stephane

@thegostep

3 years

boost your validators

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

12/ Lots of problems... Let's fix 'em! Proposer Weight boosting: cc @adiasg Idea: If a block is valid and proposed on time, boost its weight for the duration of the slot by some factor, e.g. 80% of committee weight. After the slot count weight as normal

Proposer LMD Score Boosting by adiasg · Pull Request #2353 · ethereum/consensus-specs

Edit: Renamed from "Fix LMD balancing attack" to "Proposer LMD Score Boosting" This PR implements a fix for the LMD balancing attacks, as described here. Proposer Score Boost A ...

github.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

2/ Timing games are obviously rational to play, but we should uphold social norms around honest protocol participation as best as we can. The implications and downstream effects are significant and should not be taken lightly, especially by big staking service providers.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

@jneu_net @barnabemonnot @adiasg @ErtemTas @dntse Worth noting that while we’re discussing attacks in the paper there are mitigations that fix them. There is an open PR already. Wen merge?

Proposer LMD Score Boosting by adiasg · Pull Request #2353 · ethereum/consensus-specs

Edit: Renamed from "Fix LMD balancing attack" to "Proposer LMD Score Boosting" This PR implements a fix for the LMD balancing attacks, as described here. Proposer Score Boost A ...

github.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

58750000000000000000000

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

15/ Note that the proposer can only add more information to an attester's local view, it's additive. Importantly, this way the adversary has no cutoff time to target their release of attestations around. More details:

Change fork choice rule to mitigate balancing and reorging attacks

This post is co-authored by Carl, Caspar and Francesco. Special thanks to Danny and Barnabé for input and discussions. This proposal involves understanding two attack vectors (balancing attacks and...

ethresear.ch

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

the amount of quality projects that originated at ethberlin events is staggering - so excited for a new edition after this long long break.

Department of Decentralization

@dod_berlin

2 years

𝐄𝐓𝐇𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐧³ - 𝐄𝐓𝐇𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐥𝐢𝐧, 𝐭𝐨 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐩𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝟑. September 16-18, Factory Goerli, Berlin

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

5/ Timing games are "unfair". Blockchain protocols strive to fairly reward participants in a way that is proportional to their "work" (in Ethereum that is stake ofc). Delaying a block proposal is not "work" – quite to the contrary – yet one may extract more MEV doing so.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 years

you're going to hack @ETHBerlin but are still a lone wolf? Go get yourself some friends to hack with on our github tinder:

GitHub - ethberlin-hackathon/ETHBerlin-Teambuilding: [ATTN] The TeamBuilding repository for 2019...

[ATTN] The TeamBuilding repository for 2019 moved >>> - ethberlin-hackathon/ETHBerlin-Teambuilding

github.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

10/ Timing games are a slippery slope. It may start with one staking service provider (SSP) to delay their blocks by 1s so that they can offer a higher yield than competitors. The network mostly won't notice except for an occasional missed slot. But ...

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

@Butta_eth I did almost exactly the same a couple of days ago + had gpt write a script to scrape all eips into a pdf and added that too. can share if you'd like :)

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@koeppelmann @gakonst @VitalikButerin The intuition that ex post reorgs are incredibly hard still stands though. Thousands of attesters are voting each round and an adversary needs to compete with all of them. I think that blog post may precede knowledge of ex ante reorgs, which will also be very hard with boosting.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@TimBeiko meme driven development

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

the beacon chain is so back

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

12/ Without getting into details, but in the extreme attestors could start shifting back their attestation deadline, in which case blocks can be delayed even further. Timing equilibria could shift towards the end of the slot for both attestors & proposers.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

@econoar @nixorokish Gotta start somewhere and produce research and make proposals :) Electra is still ~1 year out, so there is plenty of time to discuss and do more research, it's not decision time now. I am just excited and happy we're finally talking about this clearly fundamental topic.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

Today, 30M ETH or 1/4 of all eth, is staked. We argue why under the current issuance policy, in the long run most ETH will plausibly be staked via LSTs. (thanks for the dashbord @hildobby_ )

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

It’s great to see that it’s getting easier for academics to research ethereum related questions

EF Ecosystem Support Program

@EF_ESP

2 years

Calling all academics, research centers, PhD students and others interested in researching Ethereum: We're excited to announce a new wave of $750K in grants to fund formal Ethereum-related research. Learn more and submit project proposals by 22 April:

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

approach is future-proof as it ensures sustainability with respect to the changing supply of eth. easiest mechanism to achieve targeting is a curve designed to go neg infinity beyond some staking level. economically guarantees staking will not grow beyond some specified range.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

11/ ... other SSPs will adopt similar strategies to stay competitive. You quickly end up in a state where competitive forces lead to these games being maximally exhausted to the detriment of the overall network health and no one's gain.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

iLeCtRa

mikeneuder.eth ⟠

@mikeneuder

3 months

happy friday-before-st-pattys🇮🇪! it's also 18 months to the day since The Merge. to celebrate, check out "The Case for ILECTRA," which argues for the candidacy of EIP-7547 (inclusion lists) in the Electra/Prague hard fork! hope you're feeling lucky 🍀▼

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

7/ E.g. sophisticated actors could release blocks from several nodes in p2p topology to distribute blocks quicker. Further, even if a solo staker decided to participate in timing games, they wouldn't be competitive in latency races and might decide to delegate stake instead.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

* @weboftrees ' curve visibly removes many dilution concerns * fun fact: just because nominal yields are reduced, it doesnt mean *real* yields are lower in long run equilibrium, see plot for hypothetical but plausible scenario, comparing current and hopefully future curve :)

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 years

13/ This helps because now the addversary’s attestations have to compete with honest proposer's boost before convincing honest validators to vote for adversary block. In short, it breaks the balancing strategies and prohibits practically all reorgs.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

Incredibly important work by @fradamt on further improving the fork choice: moving from proposer boost to view-merge. It is a much more elegant design to mitigate balancing and ex ante attacks.

View-merge as a replacement for proposer boost

View-merge to replace proposer boost Special thanks to Vitalik Buterin, Michael Sproul, Carl Beekhuizen and Caspar Schwarz-Schilling for editing, feedback and fruitful discussions Note that the idea...

ethresear.ch

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

happy panda

stokes

@ralexstokes

2 years

bellatrix landed, the merge is next

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

@weboftrees while this new issuance curve by @weboftrees is very effective at mitigating many concerns alrdy (+elegant), it fundamentally cant guarantee an upper bound for staking participation, unlike targeting. which is why we shd still move to a targeting policy in the long run :)

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caspar

@casparschwa

5 years

I just staked to earn reputation so I can participate in governing a decentralized exchange. feels fucking great. let's figure this madness out.

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

2/ It's been incredible to work on this w/ @cryptoeconprof @soispoke @jenpan_ @theshah39 @barnabemonnot , they did the heavy lifting. There's two parts: (1) Empirical investigation of timing games in Ethereum (2) Modelling value of time to consensus participants in PoS protocols

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 months

mike having changed his mind on issuance is very high signal

mikeneuder.eth ⟠

@mikeneuder

2 months

excited to share "Issuance Issues – Initial Issue" for some light™ easter weekend reading🥚🐰🥕 i changed my mind on issuance over the past few months and this article reflects the ideas that helped shape my understanding – hope it's useful! ▼🪙🍴🛣️🚪

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 years

Remember that we’re all here in Berlin at this moment because of @MPtherealMVP and no one else.

Helena

@helsfoftroy

6 years

Before the madness starts tmw, big shout out and respect to @MPtherealMVP for all her dedication and hard work for @ETHBerlin ! Thank you for everything and I’ll never forget your face when we walked into monster ronsons and they played “Africa” by Toto. 💜🖤

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

if I had to choose a single resource to send someone down the rabbit hole it’d be @benjaminion_xyz ‘s writeup

superphiz.eth 🦇🔊🛡️

@superphiz

1 year

Did you know that Ben Edgington is actively writing an open source technical book about Ethereum Proof of Stake called "Upgrading Ethereum"? @benjaminion_xyz

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caspar

@casparschwa

5 years

family soon to be radicalized

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

6/ How late is too late? Proposers need attesters to vote for their block to not be reorg-able. If a block is released too close to the attestation deadline (4s into slot), it will not be heard in time by attesters. The block is then reorg-able; think of it as a "healthy" reorg.

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

14/ I see this paper as a very humble beginning hinting at something more general: the need to study blockchain protocols through the lens of honest-but-rational participation, to ensure economic fairness amongst consensus participants.

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

I just contributed to the kzg ceremony using the amazing frontend by the legend @savid : what da doge doin? #kzg #doge #ethereum

caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

we like friday the 13th

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

4/ Are timing games worth playing? The argument is simple: More time > more txs in mempool > more MEV capture possible. We find that MEV *linearly* increases in time. Each additional second is worth ~0.0065 ETH. Don't mind the absolute value, but note the linear relationship.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 months

This is amazing news for all data heads

ethPandaOps

@ethPandaOps

2 months

🐼Announcement time! We're making our Xatu data open source and publicly available! 🚀🚀🚀 Our goal is to enable researchers, developers, and enthusiasts to drive Ethereum's continued growth and success. Read more:

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@koeppelmann @gakonst @VitalikButerin Obviously yday was not a good look and showed some problems. But it seems it was due to nodes running different fork choice configs, in hindsight a more coordinated rollout should have been executed. So learnings here will be made.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

open questions prevent targeting from being implemented in near term. but leaving issuance curve unchanged in electra means additional >40M eth cd be staked (60% of all eth). if long term goal is some staking ratio range, say ~1/4, we shdnt exceed significantly in interim

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caspar

@casparschwa

5 years

I am yet to hear a single reason for why they chose to create an overlap after finding out @ETHBerlin and @dappcon_berlin had locked in dates+venues for months already. Instead of offering bus transfers that take 1 hour why not bloody move the event to one of 360+ available days

Web3 Foundation

@Web3foundation

5 years

. @web3summit (v2.0) is coming. August 19-21, 2019. Funkhaus, Berlin.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

* economies of scale and network effects induce more demand for LSTs as the staking ratio increases, making solo stakers relatively less competitive. * eth holders are diluted beyond what is necessary for security.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 months

super helpful framing of the current issuance curve discussion, productively pointing to both sides of the argument.

sassal.eth/acc 🦇🔊

@sassal0x

2 months

The latest @thedailygwei Refuel is ready for your consumption! ⛽ Today's topics: - Ethereum's issuance curve 🤪 - Degen Chain discussion 🤔 - Market chat 📈 - and much more ➕ Watch 👇

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

Thread on an important proposal to change the fork choice to what we call view-merge. not exactly a short tldr thread, but if have you seen the actual ethresearch post this is as short as it gets...

Francesco

@fradamt

2 years

I recently published this post, , discussing something I have wanted to bring to the protocol for a long time. It’s very long and I was *politely encouraged* to make it more digestible, so this is for all of you that can't read two paragraphs in a row🧵

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

So yeah ex ante reorgs work… Good news though is that the fix is merged

Proposer LMD Score Boosting by adiasg · Pull Request #2730 · ethereum/consensus-specs

This PR implements a fix for the LMD balancing attacks, as described here. Note: Old PR for this feature was #2353. Proposer Score Boost A new "proposer score boost" has been introduced, ...

github.com

barnabe.eth

@barnabemonnot

2 years

Today, #TestingTheMerge ! Also... #BreakingTheMerge 😁 After modding (lightly) a Lighthouse client, my validators started re-orging others by proposing their blocks late. Find out why below!

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

@barnabemonnot @drjasper_eth @nero_eth @nixorokish @MicahZoltu @jon_charb it was actually merged

Allow honest validators to reorg late blocks by michaelsproul · Pull Request #3034 · ethereum/con...

Specify a function in fork choice get_proposer_head which returns the parent block upon which a proposer may build while possibly reorging the canonical head (if it was broadcast late and lacks suf...

github.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

surpassing target range before transition to targeting policy means stakers will be insufficiently compensated until excess stake can exit. we therefore see a strong case for @weboftrees ' proposed issuance curve to be adopted in electra (hard fork ~1y away).

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@ETHBerlin (I'm helping with organizing mentors at ETHBerlin³)

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caspar

@casparschwa

5 years

Free developer courses. Casually looking for 1000 developers. Gotta love this community. Shoutout to @8bitpal and @b9lab for the great initiative.

Department of Decentralization

@dod_berlin

5 years

We've been working a lot. Proud to launch our second project thanks to @8bitpal and @b9lab - free @ethereum developer courses for 500 people on the first run. Funded by B9 and the Community. Read how you can most importantly, how to help fund this.

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caspar

@casparschwa

6 months

no other place where academics and industry blend into each other so well. Everyone just wants to make progress and is not shy to engage genuinely.

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caspar

@casparschwa

3 months

@Data_Always Great analysis and cool to see more research on timing games! However, you conclude your writing with a discussion of a quote of our writing with @mikeneuder in a way that I think deserves a bit more context...

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@lightclients @Devcon you may have joined the EF but you don’t run it yet calm down

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caspar

@casparschwa

1 year

Addendum/ A lot of this work is not necessarily news to the informed, but hopefully it can help formalize and frame the discussion. e.g. our discussion here (h/t @ObadiaAlex ) or @barnabemonnot ’s OG model

how does pos ethereum prevent bribery for late block proposal? · Issue #111 · flashbots/mev-boost

TLDR: There exist a financial incentive for the execution payload to be proposed later than the anticipated time window for it. We worry that this might lead to favoring larger validators, encourag...

github.com

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caspar

@casparschwa

5 years

Wolpy is everything and can do anything. Shoutout to @lililashka for the awesome design

Department of Decentralization

@dod_berlin

5 years

Breaking down the design. We needed to think of an animal to represent us, and our dogs weren't the answer. Neither were lions or bears (sigh). Then @casparschwa intervened. The Wolpertinger is as DoD as it gets.

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caspar

@casparschwa

2 years

@hasufl

Proposer Boost considerations - HackMD

# Proposer Boost considerations *Joint document by Francesco and Caspar.* We need to pick a propos

notes.ethereum.org

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