I don't use X very much any more, but I'd love to see you elsewhere!
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Looking for more from me than tweets? I regularly share unique content on a dozen other online platforms...and you won't see most of it on Twitter. Browse this thread for direct links and dive in!
Hi, I��m a climate scientist. You may know me from my greatest hits including, “No, it’s not a natural cycle,” “Yes, I know it’s been warmer before (and the only reason YOU know is because we scientists told you so),” and “Just because it’s on YouTube doesn’t mean it’s true.”
People worry about how much land we'd need to supply the US with clean energy. Well,
@elonmusk
and I have independently calculated it and we both come up with something roughly comparable to the area we currently use for maple syrup or golf. A square about 100-120 miles per side.
This map gives you a rough sense of all the ways U.S. land is used. Much of U.S. land serves specific purposes, such as the 2 million acres devoted to golf courses or the 3 million acres for airports.
At the hearing for the deputy
@NASA
administrator today, nominee Jim Morhard was asked by
@EdMarkey
if he agrees with the scientific consensus that humans are the dominant influence on climate. He said he couldn't say.
Well, I'm a scientist, and I can. Here's why. (thread)
As a female climate scientist, blocking is the only thing that makes my engagement here on Twitter/X possible.
Daily, I receive comments that range from disparaging to downright vile. Since Oct, my tweets can attract thousands of trolls (real people) and bots (not real). 🧵
Here are the big takeaways from the
@IPCC_CH
Synthesis Report released today.
First, climate change has already caused widespread and substantial losses to almost every aspect of human life on this planet, and the impacts on future generations depend on the choices we make NOW.
For the gazillionth time:
Climate change is not a religion. It is a science.
Do I believe in it? No.
I look at the data, and the data is clear: it's real, it's us, it's bad, and the time to fix it is NOW.
Being a scientist, I had to check the math. Turns out it's even worse. You could have made $53,000 (£44,000) a day or $20 million per year since Jesus was born and still not make the profits Shell did in 2022.
SHOCKING FACT: If you earned £40,000 a day from when Jesus was born to the present day, you would still not make as much as Shell did in profits last year
I wrote the climate scenarios chapter myself so I can confirm it considers ALL scenarios, from those where we go carbon negative before end of century to those where carbon emissions continue to rise. What WH says is demonstrably false.
Great piece by
@yayitsrob
Note WH claim assessment was based on the “most-extreme scenario" is untrue. It wasn't based on any one scenario. Much of it described impacts already happening! And the "worse-case" was just the business-as-usual, do nothing approach favored by WH.
#AustralianWildFires
climate denial claims, "it's arson! it's been warmer before! fire's natural!" The truth? Human-induced climate change is a threat multiplier. It takes existing risks + amplifies them beyond imagining, affecting every living thing on this planet: including us.
As Isaac Asimov said in 1980: "Anti-intellectualism has been a constant thread winding its way through our political and cultural life, nurtured by the false notion that democracy means that 'my ignorance is just as good as your knowledge."
Let me share a sad reality.
@AC360
asked if I could join them tonight or talk
#NationalClimateAssessment
. I just arrived at
@TED
, and I really need to practice my talk, I replied. Please! they said, we will send a car! Ok, I said. It’s important. I will do it. (story continues..)
"Was it caused by climate change?" is the most common question when we hear about an extreme event. But when it comes to hurricanes, that's the wrong question. The right one is, "how much worse did climate change make it?" (thread)
The Fourth US National Climate Assessment was released on Friday. Since then, a number of politicians + pundits have made statements about it that are not accurate. As an author, I'm here to set the record straight. Here we go! (thread)
Less than 20 years ago, the world was headed for a >4C warmer world by 2100. The amount of change that would occur under that much warming, that fast, was almost unimaginable and certainly unsurvivable for human civilization + a large percentage of the world's species. (thread)
One of the most encouraging studies I've seen in a long time!
@DanielleFLawson
and colleagues found that kids can change their parent's minds about climate - with daughters having the strongest influence on conservative fathers. Yea!
Wow! I am INCREDIBLY HONOURED to receive this amazing award! For everyone here -- working every day to tell people climate change is real, we need to act now, and there IS hope -- you are part of this too. We are all in this together, and together we will prevail!
I get my hair and make up done, we drive across the city, I do the interview, Anderson is lovely, the whole thing takes three hours .... and they don’t air the interview. Instead, they give more airtime to Santorum, so he can to continue to spread disinformation.
Given that even a doctorate has never stopped ANY of these types of men from disrespecting my expertise, I'm quite confident that there's not a single economics degree on the planet that would cause him to respect her. You go
@GretaThunberg
!
Climate Change:
It's real.
It's us.
It's serious - and becoming dangerous.
But there are solutions, and there is hope.
The science is clear: the faster we reduce our emissions, the less impacts there will be.
#ClimateStrike
When it comes to what climate goals we should be aiming for, there are a lot of "magic numbers" floating around - 2 degrees, 12 years, 350ppm, net zero emissions, and more. Here's a short thread explaining the scientific basis--or lack thereof--for each.
"As climate scientists we take absolutely zero pleasure in being right. We are terrified...but we cannot look away, for the sake of our families, for the sake of people we don’t know and for the sake of the natural world."
@ClimateHuman
speaks for us all.
The fact that a global pandemic will only cut carbon emissions by single digits illustrates how “people focus way, way too much on personal footprints, and whether they fly or not, without really dealing w the structural [sources]" as
@ClimateOfGavin
says
It’s time to face the facts: climate change is happening, and we’re the cause. The impacts are far reaching and out our civilization at risk. But there’s still hope, if we act now. We CAN make a difference!
This iconic graph tracks how rapidly our planet is warming. Yet every time it's shared on Twitter, someone always asks, "Why does it begin in 1850?"
The answer is simple: it's when we first had enough thermometers to compute a truly representative global temperature average.
The answer is very simple: without human emissions of heat trapping gases, the earth would be slowly, gradually cooling. So how much of the current warming is manmade? All if it and then some.
Australian natural disasters minister David Littleproud: 'I don't know if climate change is manmade'.
Then ask a climate scientists FFS.
@MichaelEMann
@KHayhoe
"We spent a long time thinking we were engaged in an argument about data and reason,"
@billmckibben
says about the climate movement over the last three decades. "But now we realize it's a fight over money and power."
Things people regularly assume I don’t know:
1. Earth’s been warmer before
2. Natural cycles exist
3. Volcanoes produce CO2 + CH4
4. CO2 can promote plant growth
5. Solar panels don’t work at night
6. The Bible says there will always be seasons
What else?
“Even if you flip the chart upside-down it’s still going up!!” Thank you
@ronnychieng
for giving voice to what every climate scientist is thinking but is too polite to say.
When did scientists determine that higher CO2 levels in the atmosphere would warm the planet? In the 1850s. When did people decide to cast doubt on the science? In the 1990s. Yes, that's how young climate denial is. 🧐
Climate action in 3 steps:
1. Reduce everything we can, as much as we can, first.
2. Offset the rest (which is impossible to do if we don't reduce everything we can first).
3. Build resilience to the impacts we can no longer avoid.
Why? Because the only other choice is suffering.
But time is the most precious resource we have, and there is not enough to go around – so when we choose how to spend our time, it just makes sense to be sure it will be used profitably and not squandered.
So twitverse, tell me: what wd YOU do with such requests in the future?
People often ask why I'm a climate scientist in a political science department. The short answer is: because climate change is the most political science and more physical science isn't what's stopping us from acting on climate. These political scientists get it:
When we see climate changing, we don't automatically jump on the human bandwagon, case closed. No, we rigorously examine and test all other reasons why climate could be changing: the sun, volcanoes, natural cycles, even something we don't know yet: could they be responsible? ..
Climate Change:
It's real.
It's us.
It's serious - and becoming dangerous.
But there is hope: there are solutions.
The faster we cut our emissions and take carbon out of the atmosphere, the less suffering there will be.
#EarthDay2022
DEVELOPING: A shelter in place order has been issued as a fire rages at an ExxonMobil refinery in Baytown, Texas.
It's the latest in a series of fires in Houston area involving the petrochemical industry.
So in conclusion: if you don't think humans are the dominant source of warming, you are making a statement that does not have a single factual or scientific leg to stand on. Yet leaders of science agencies are saying exactly that today. This is the world we live in.
I don’t get paid for any of this - but I think he does, doesn’t he? And this is not the first time this has happened. Chris Hayes’ program canceled three times, once when I was literally in a chair with that earpiece in my ear. When
@MSNBC
called me again this week, I said...
... I would be delighted to talk to you, but in order to be a wise steward of my time, I need a guarantee the interview will air, barring a major disaster, an assassination, or the end of the world. They did not reply.
Please don’t get me wrong – I’m not whining or complaining. I am enormously grateful for any and all media who wants to talk climate, and equally grateful for the opportunity to do so. I talk to high school newspapers, Christian podcasts, and even sports blogs!
As the economic slow-down due to the coronavirus pandemic shutters industry, air pollution and carbon emissions are dropping. A lot of people have asked what this means for carbon emissions and climate change. Here is a short explainer. (thread)
Nearly every climate denial argument I’ve ever heard falls into one of these five categories.
1 - it’s not real
2 - it’s not us
3 - it’s not bad
4 - it’s too hard/costly to fix
5 - it’s too late
And you know which is growing the fastest these days? The last one 😳
Me: here's something good a [person, city, co, org] is doing
Twitter: IT IS NOT ENOUGH
Of course not. If it were, we would've fixed climate change.
But if we don't celebrate & share our first steps-or worse, if we shame people for them!-how do we expect bigger ones to happen?
“It’s cold outside...I’d like a little global warming now!” Your annual reminder that one snowstorm over the US east coast does not invalidate decades of observations around the entire world showing that yes, the planet is warming.
Imagine you toss a match on a pile of green wood.
Now imagine you toss the same match on a pile of dry tinder.
What happens?
That's how "the fires were human-caused" and "climate change made them a lot worse" can both be true.
It’s been 55 years since scientists formally warned a US president of the dangers of unchecked carbon emissions. How accurate was their warning? Pretty much dang on. Read:
I decided to do a bit of a close read of one particular part of a 1965 report sent to Lyndon Johnson, on atmospheric carbon dioxide. Because I hate myself, you see.
Ever notice how nearly every climate denial argument fall into just one of FIVE categories?
But here's the twist: they all share ONE goal - preventing action.
So don't be distracted: debunk briefly, then pivot immediately to positive, constructive solutions for a better world.
What a lot of people still don't understand - and need to, ASAP - is that we humans are the biggest source of uncertainty in determining the magnitude future change. We are the problem. But that means we can be the solution, too.
“On current trends, the probability of staying below 2 °C of warming is only 5%, but if all countries meet their nationally determined contributions and continue to reduce emissions at the same rate after 2030, it rises to 26%.”
The six stages of climate denial are: it's not real. It's not us. It's not that bad. It's too expensive to fix. Aha, here's a great solution (that actually does nothing). And - oh no! Now it's too late. You really should have warned us earlier.
Sound familiar?
The right wing’s instantaneous flip from “it’s a hoax” to “let millions die in service to the ‘market’” is the same script they play with climate change, to a tee.
They want you to do nothing.
We re-analyzed 38 studies that questioned whether climate is changing and/or humans are responsible, and found an error in each that, when corrected, brought them in line with the scientific consensus. Our study's been downloaded >100k times now!
It is striking how many daily headlines are talking about events that were exacerbated by climate change. Here is just a short rundown from today as an example of the many many ways climate change is affecting us HERE and NOW. Please add any I missed. (Thread)
Climate change isn't a future threat; it's a present reality. That's the bad news. Here's the good news: we have the solutions and we know what to do. There's still time to rewrite our future if we act now. (image by
@ed_hawkins
)
The bottom line is this: We've known since the work of John Tyndall in the 1850s that CO2 absorbs and re-radiates infrared energy, and Eunice Foote was the first to suggest that higher CO2 levels would lead to a warmer planet, in 1856. Read it here:
The second volume of the 4th US National Climate Assessment is now live. It lays out exactly how climate change is affecting every region and most sectors of the US:
The psychological distance that kept many from recognizing how climate change is no longer a distant issue is eroding quickly these days, as the impacts become visible and relevant.
Is
#COP26
enough? No. Did anyone expect it to be enough? I sure didn't; this is a more ambitious effort to work together than anything we humans have ever, ever accomplished. But is it more than we had 2 weeks ago? YES. And there's a lot more to be done; so let's get on with it!
Climate change is real. The warming we’ve observed is entirely human-caused.* Its impacts are serious, including making heat waves, wildfires, hurricanes, droughts and floods more severe and more dangerous.** But there are solutions and we can fix it.*** 💪🌱
Today,
@pontifex
released Laudato Deum, an update on the 2015 encyclical. It's not so much a breath of fresh air as it is a bucket of ice water, straight to the face of those who are standing in the way of and delaying climate progress. Here are a few highlights:
On climate change, we often assume people are either believers or deniers.
I don't like either label, because climate change is not a religion.
Instead, I prefer the 6 categories identified by
@YaleClimateComm
for the US.
I loved my gas stove, but two years ago I had the chance to move to induction. I took it & never looked back - and never will. Why not? Because gas stoves aren't just bad for climate change, they're bad for YOU.
Today, climate is changing faster than any time in human history. As a result, our trillions of dollars of infrastructure - homes, roads, cities and ports - were built for a climate that no longer exists, unprepared for the climate risks we face today.
Some argue that we have to choose between the environment or the economy … as if the economy - or humans themselves - could float around in outer space without the air, water, land, and resources this planet provides. The planet doesn’t need us: we need it.
#WorldEnvironmentDay
No one - NO ONE - has been able to explain how increasing levels of CO2, CH4 and other heat-trapping gases would NOT raise the temperature of the planet. Yet that must be done first, if we are to consider any other sources as "dominant".
There's lots of announcements and news coming out of
#COP28
. I'm here to rank them for you from a climate scientist's perspective, using 🌴 for the wins and 🤦♀️ for the facepalms.
Did I miss something? Let me know and I'll add it to this list!
#ClimateAction
#COP28FromHome
🧵
When it comes to a changing climate, the bottom line is this:
It’s real.
It’s us.
Scientists agree.
The impacts are already here and now.
But by acting now we can still avoid the most serious and even dangerous impacts.
Our future is in our hands.
Kudos to
@kwelkernbc
for finally asking the right climate question during a presidential debate: not "Do you believe in it" but rather "How are you going to fix it?"
Could it be the sun? No: the sun's energy has been going down at the very time that the average temperature of the planet continues to rise. For more info, read: and no, even a Grand Minimum wouldn't save us. See:
When I was young we didn't have a TV so on Friday nights my parents would rent movies and a projector from the library. Those documentaries are how I learned, at age five, that this is what a scientist looks like. And I've never looked back.
@JaneGoodallInst
#WomenInScience
There are five stages to climate denial:
1/ it’s not real (it’s a Chinese hoax)
2/ it’s not humans: let’s witch-hunt the scientists
3/ warmer is better!
4/ it’s too expensive to fix
5/ it’s too late; you scientist’s really should have warned us earlier.
Here we see stage 5:
Of all the positive feedbacks in the climate system, this one may be the most dangerous: We're screwed, so why bother? From the great
@eilperin
&
@chriscmooney
Moreover, when
@RasmusBenestad
+ I + others examined dozens of published papers (so much for the 'we are suppressed like Galileo!' myth) claiming to minimize or eliminate the human role in climate change, guess what we found? Errors in every single one.
Could it be orbital cycles? Are we just getting warmer after the last ice age? No: warming from the last ice age peaked 1000s of yrs ago, and the next event on our geologic calendar was another ice age: was, until the industrial revolution, that is. Read:
In the village of Nashtifan, Iran, some of the oldest windmills in the world, with what may be the earliest windmill design in the world, still spin. Made of natural clay, straw, and wood, they have been milling grain for flour for an estimated 1,000 years
Dear colleagues, if you are going online for the first time this semester and are scrambling for content, I'm happy to share my recorded lectures for my general climate science/impacts/comms/solns class with you for educational use. Send your affiliation, class + contact info!
Climate change doesn't care about your beliefs or your opinions.
It's a human-caused crisis driven by our heat-trapping gas emissions and it puts at risk our food, water, health, infrastructure, economy, and nearly every other aspect of human society and the natural environment.
Covid doesn't care about your beliefs or your opinions or your understanding or your optimism.
Covid is a virus that transmits by airborne spread, mutates rapidly, and causes damage to every biological system in your body, with increasing risk from every reinfection.
I’m a climate scientist. I’m also an evangelical Christian.
And I’m Canadian, which is why it took me so long to realize the first two things were supposed to be entirely incompatible.
Myth
#1
: the wildfires stop at the border.
Truth: By definition, maps based on US federal data don't show fires outside US borders; but it doesn't mean they don't exist. Here's a US map (left) and 🇨🇦 map (right). We do a bit better with recognizing we're part of a continent 😁
When it comes to climate solutions, we don’t have time for single “wins” - we need solutions that cut emissions AND make us more resilient to climate impacts AND save money AND reduce pollution.
Cassandrafreude (n). the bitter pleasure of things going wrong in exactly the way you predicted, but no one believed you when it could have made a difference.
I've finally discovered the word that describes how nearly every climate scientist feels, h/t
@fretmistress
.
You're doing all you can to cut your carbon footprint; then a gas leak produces 18,000 annual cars' worth of methane in a single hour, and you despair.
THIS is why your climate shadow is so much more impt than your footprint. We need systemic soln's.
Will more scientific information change people's minds if they're convinced otherwise? Generally not. But does that mean there's nothing we can do or say? Absolutely not! This Global Weirding episode explains:
Could it be volcanoes? No: though a big eruption emits a lot of soot and particulates, these temporarily cool the planet. On average, all geologic activity, put together, emits only about 10% of the heat-trapping gases that humans do. For more, read:
Yesterday, someone asked me if I ever get angry. Yes. THIS is what makes me angry: those who deliberately promote the harmful and hateful heresy that caring about God’s creation and loving the poor and the vulnerable is somehow in opposition to the Christian faith.
10 arguments against climate change people sent me today* and 10 Global Weirding episodes I made years ago that debunk them: A fun thread
* yes, literally today.