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Andrew Côté Profile
Andrew Côté

@Andercot

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engineering physicist, hyperstition inc, scout @a16z , @TheAISalonSF , deep-tech, physics, energy and sci-fi 🇨🇦

San Francisco
Joined September 2012
Don't wanna be here? Send us removal request.
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@Andercot
Andrew Côté
18 days
The Future is Being Built in the City of San Francisco SF Deep Tech Week is officially live - June 23-29th @8vc , @lowercarbon , @fiftyyears , @GiantStepVC , @Quantonation , @draper_u , and @RayyanIslam1 with 8090 Industries. Here's the main event lineup 🧵 Event submission and…
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@Andercot
Andrew Côté
10 months
National Lab (LBNL) results support LK-99 as a room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor. Simulations published 1 hour ago on arxiv support LK-99 as the holy grail of modern material science and applied physics. () Here's the plain-english…
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Andrew Côté
10 months
First claimed successful replication of LK-99 Accomplished by a team at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology and posted 30 minutes ago. Why this is evidence: The LK-99 flake slightly levitates for both orientations of the magnetic field, meaning it is not simply a…
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Andrew Côté
7 months
You have two options: Tile the forested mountains with black silicon panels and get 50-100 megawatts for 25-30 years. Put a BWRX-300 in an IKEA-sized building and get 290 megawatts for 60-80 years. Which is better for the environment?
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Andrew Côté
9 months
First video of LK-99 Full Levitation, aka flux-pinning This video was just posted to the Chinese video-sharing site BiliBili and claims to be a highly pure synthesized sample of LK-99. What is the physical phenomenon behind this and what does it mean? Levitation of…
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Andrew Côté
5 months
Humanity has a moral obligation to produce as much energy, as cheaply, and as cleanly, as possible. Anything less is asking the future to be worse than the present.
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@Andercot
Andrew Côté
5 months
If it wasn't clear, "degrowth" means "your children's lives will be worse than yours"
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Andrew Côté
7 months
Gentle reminder that we built a 460MW nuclear powered jet engine in the 1960s that could fly for three weeks on 10kg of fuel. For comparison a 747 at takeoff uses 80MW of power and burns ten tonnes of fuel an hour
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Andrew Côté
2 months
Few people realize Apple has quietly patented an AirPod capable of detecting electrical signals from brain activity and extracting features. Millions of neural-tech I/O devices may be hitting the markets sooner than we think
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Andrew Côté
1 month
The weird thing about meeting Europeans is usually the first thing they try to do is figure out your social class
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Andrew Côté
10 months
I've worked with superconductors for the better part of a decade now in different contexts, from STM condensed matter labs, to particle accelerators, and now fusion. Time for a deep dive on what exactly this miracle-technology unlocks for us a species: 🧵
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Andrew Côté
1 month
In the Guanxi Cultural Revolution, official records show between 100,000 - 150,000 people were killed, by methods like live burial, drowning, boiling alive, and disemboweling. Local offices of the Communist party sponsored cannibalism. Public records show at least 137 people…
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Andrew Côté
9 months
First independent measurement of zero resistance in LK-99 A team of scientists from the Physics Department of Southeast University, a top university in Nanjing, China, have reported measuring 0 resistance in a sample of LK-99 they synthesized from scratch. Here is the video: -…
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Andrew Côté
9 months
LK-99 Endgame: What Happens Next & Market Size If LK-99 is a room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor, there are three distinct possibilities depending on its eventual engineering properties. Here is a straightforward explanation of each scenario and estimated total…
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Andrew Côté
2 months
It would be mistaken to say companies like Pratt and Whitney have not innovated on jet engine design in the last 70+ years of making them. For example, 13 years ago they added this single gear between the compressor stage and turbofan at a program cost of only $10 billion. 🧵
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Andrew Côté
10 months
Superconducting magnet engineer chiming in. This result could be very big news, and overnight revolutionize all of electronics and energy. It might not. Here's a mental model for the non-expert to understand what's going on. RTAPS: The good, the bad, and the ugly: 🧵
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Andrew Côté
7 months
Taiwan is basically Arrakis. It's the sole source of the single most important commodity for our civilization, that if produced in enough quantities can perform miracles, enable space travel, solve longevity, birth gods. Both Chips and Spice come from sand. Both are produced…
@jowyang
Jeremiah Owyang
7 months
Global crisis. TED talk by Rob Toews on what would happen in a country invaded Taiwan to claim all the chips, fabs & foundries. -Whoever controls the chips, controls the world. -TSMC is building a fab in 2025 in Phoenix in 2025. -Samsung would be second winner compared to…
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Andrew Côté
5 months
If it wasn't clear, "degrowth" means "your children's lives will be worse than yours"
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Andrew Côté
9 months
In 2 days there are have been 4 studies that help explain LK-99's potential superconducting abilities. These simulations converge on key properties that suggest a new class of SC materials, and help explain quirks of TK-99 we've seen so far. Here is the easy-to-digest summary…
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Andrew Côté
2 months
How to Get to Orbit Cheaper than SpaceX's Starship Ian Brooke has developed a new kind of jet engine that can act as the first stage of a rocket. I get brunch with him every Sunday and have grilled him for hours on how it works. Adaptive Cycle Jet Engines, the primer 🧵
@k2pilot
Ian Brooke
2 months
I've kept a pretty low (online) profile of what I'm building, but word's getting out. My company Astro Mechanica has invented a new kind of jet engine. Unlike any existing engine, it's efficient at every speed. Because it's efficient at every speed, we can use it in a new way:…
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2 months
I personally think it's fascinating that there are genuine attractor basins in the development of the human psyche, and people very consistently go towards this particular one the more you use psychedelics.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
The reality is we could've easily mastered energy, food, and material abundance with 1970s era Technology. Instead, we loaded up on virtue signaling, stakeholder engagement, and regulatory capture. I call this general phenomenon "The Blight"
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Andrew Côté
4 months
How it started Vs How its going
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Andrew Côté
6 months
This is what they stole from us.
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@Andercot
Andrew Côté
6 months
When you actually do the math and take the bureaucratic thumbs off the scales you realize Nuclear is the cheapest grid power available. Your lives are expensive because you've been lied to for decades and had the manifest destiny of a golden future stolen in the name of safety.
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Andrew Côté
20 days
Gentle Reminder that in 1964 we flew a supersonic reconnaissance drone with a cruising speed of Mach 3.3 at 90,000 ft with a range of 3,000 nm to take photographs of Russian ICBMs and airfields. The D-21 was launched from an SR-71 while going Mach 3.2. A short 🧵 on ramjets
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@kane
Kane 謝凱堯
20 days
we almost got an SR-71-as-an-interceptor called the F-12 but LBJ cancelled it and i’ll never forgive him
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Andrew Côté
6 months
It's pretty straight forward - OpenAI spontaneously emits @sama and @gdb , producing a short-lived @miramurati that converts to an @eshear via @bradlightcap decay. @sama and @gdb undergo @satyanadella -catalyzed fusion with @MSFTResearch in a temporary bound state. Since @eshear
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Andrew Côté
7 months
How to make a battery that lasts 5000 years in three steps 1: Take used graphite shielding from a nuclear power plant. 2: Scrape off the layer of carbon-14 thats formed via neutron bombardment 3: Compress this along with carbon-12 into a diamond. Diamonds can convert radiation…
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Andrew Côté
2 months
Socialism doesn't work. Capitalism does.
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Andrew Côté
1 month
This plot presents a sad truth: Media has failed it's duty to inform the public Instead, a business model of selling fear, stoking conflict, pandering, and pushing advertisers propaganda. McKinsey-ification and it's consequences has been a disaster for the human species 🧵
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Andrew Côté
5 months
Imagine if there was an experiment of geopolitical history that could perfectly illustrate what the world might look like in the absence of American military interventionism.
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Andrew Côté
1 month
The entirety of modern robotics is hopelessly outclassed by the elegant dexterity and mechanical efficiency of an insect. Nature has sprinkled the world with walking engineering miracles. Far easier to simply hack their software than reinvent the hardware from scratch 🧵
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Andrew Côté
9 months
A mass-produced room-temperature superconductor would only affect industries that use electricity.
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Andrew Côté
1 month
Gentle reminder that the greatest aircraft in history was designed in 1964, flew 16 miles above the surface of the Earth at a cruising speed of Mach 3.3 It's only defense against supersonic missiles? To accelerate
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Andrew Côté
6 months
My Highest Likelihood Explanation on Altman's Departure: Erosion of senior leadership experience on the OpenAI Board of Directors created a situation where factionalism over the proposed use of a recent breakthrough led to a political takeover. Over the last few years, board…
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Andrew Côté
4 months
Nuclear Batteries are coming, although this isn't a surprise if you've been reading along so far.
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Andrew Côté
7 months
How to make a battery that lasts 5000 years in three steps 1: Take used graphite shielding from a nuclear power plant. 2: Scrape off the layer of carbon-14 thats formed via neutron bombardment 3: Compress this along with carbon-12 into a diamond. Diamonds can convert radiation…
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Andrew Côté
9 months
Zoom updates its Terms of Service to become the NSA 2.0: I'm in disbelief at this update because of how far-sweeping it is, yet here we are. Direct quotes from section 10.2 "You consent to Zoom's access, use, collection, creation, modification, distribution, processing,…
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Andrew Côté
2 months
The Pyramid of Giza took about 1.6 gigahours of human effort to build. The Apollo Program took 2.3 gigahours over 11 years. During its peak, World of Warcraft consumed 13.2 gigahours per year. Imagine what we could build if design tools were as fun as video games?
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Andrew Côté
9 months
LK-99: The Case for Skepticism By now there's been a number of replications, videos, pre-prints on arxiv, and at-home or at-work attempts to reproduce the original findings of Lee and Kim. Here's why I'm increasingly skeptical on LK-99 and my reasoning: #1 - The Videos…
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Andrew Côté
23 days
The meter was very nearly defined as the length of a pendulum such that the period is exactly two seconds. This would mean the strength of gravity, measured in meters and seconds, is exactly pi squared. But it's not - a short thread on the importance of units🧵
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Andrew Côté
2 months
I spent years studying physics and honestly this was the most useful diagram out of anything. After seeing this you just sorta "get" quantum mechanics
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Andrew Côté
4 months
Under water fiber optic cables are cool but have you considered just beaming information straight through the mantle of Earth using a Neutrino Comms Laser?
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Andrew Côté
11 months
Every company builds products using the same limited set of available foundational technologies. Every few decades Physics produces a fundamentally new 'thing' that changes what's physically possible. High-temperature superconductors are coming, and they'll change everything.
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Andrew Côté
10 months
There's no better analogue to cathedrals in the modern world than our mega-scale physics experiments. Thousands of individual careers dedicated to constructing colossal works of cutting-edge engineering. To better know the mind of god. Here's six of my favorites:
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Andrew Côté
17 days
3% percent of the world's total generated electrical power is used to crush rocks
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Andrew Côté
7 months
Even Oil and Gas companies knew nuclear was the long term obvious solution to humanity's energy needs. This chart is from 1956 and produced by Shell. Note how the bottom plot covers thousands of years.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
We have a moral obligation to understand the physics of our energy economy because it is the basis of all wealth, prosperity, and abundance in your life, and the lives of all future generations.
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Andrew Côté
9 months
The oceans contain enough fusion fuel to power our current civilization for 65 billion years. If we assume compounding growth of 2%, how long will it last? Fusion: 1060 years Solar: 460 years Let's dig into the physics of our energy economy. (warning: math ahead).…
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Andrew Côté
9 months
You can travel across the galaxy in a single life-time with one gravity of constant acceleration Usually it seems like space is so impossibly vast, it's unlikely aliens or humans could ever realistically visit other stars let alone other galaxies. However, if you can build a…
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2 months
Regardless of your belief system in the world this is absolutely a colossal technological triumph of humanity
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Andrew Côté
4 months
It's possible the entire universe is "running" as a black hole hole computer, here's why: If something with the same mass as the universe was a Black Hole, the event horizon would have a radius of 14 billion light years - which we observe about our own universe. Black Holes are…
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Andrew Côté
9 months
Three more replications of diamagnetism in LK-99 A re-cap of who they are and where to find them: @andrewmccalip working out of the @VardaSpace laboratories has replicated the apparent diamagnetic properties of LK-99 in the video attached. He did so following the recipe…
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Andrew Côté
2 months
What's better for the environment: - 1,000 acres of solar panels that produce on average 150 MW and lasts <10 years - 25 acres for an AP1000 that outputs 1,000 MW and lasts >50 years?
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Andrew Côté
6 months
When you actually do the math and take the bureaucratic thumbs off the scales you realize Nuclear is the cheapest grid power available. Your lives are expensive because you've been lied to for decades and had the manifest destiny of a golden future stolen in the name of safety.
@nuclearny
Nuclear NY
7 months
Bank of America research: "Industry research suggests that, after accounting for efficiency, storage needs, the cost of transmission, and other broad system costs, #nuclear power plants are one of the least expensive sources of energy."
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4 months
NEWS: Possible Room Temperature Superconductor Replicated by Two Independent Labs A paper was published this morning by a collaboration of two different teams looking to confirm or invalidate the original LK-99 superconductivity result. Here's everything you need to know: - A…
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Andrew Côté
20 days
What happened in 1970? Humanity became its own greatest impediment to progress This is why it's impossible to build anything these days. Billions for a couple urban miles of train tracks. 10 years for a bridge. We've regulated away a golden age in the name of safety
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@Andercot
Andrew Côté
2 months
The reality is we could've easily mastered energy, food, and material abundance with 1970s era Technology. Instead, we loaded up on virtue signaling, stakeholder engagement, and regulatory capture. I call this general phenomenon "The Blight"
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7 months
We can split the atom, land on the moon, design molecules, and connect every person on the planet. But it will cost $8bn to lay one mile of railroad track in SF. Starship can't launch because of a few bird nests. Once upon a time, bureaucracy let us scale. Now, it is an…
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3 months
The greatest danger to the future of humanity is the centralization of power in the name of safety.
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Andrew Côté
3 months
Did you know you can just replace nature with solar panels to save the environment? In this photo is less MW than a single AP1000. Batteries not included.
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Andrew Côté
10 months
If it wasn't clear why this is a big deal, if successful LK-99 would be a watershed moment for humanity easily on-par with invention of the transistor. Here's why: For a catch-up on the original Korean paper: And why I was…
@Andercot
Andrew Côté
10 months
Superconducting magnet engineer chiming in. This result could be very big news, and overnight revolutionize all of electronics and energy. It might not. Here's a mental model for the non-expert to understand what's going on. RTAPS: The good, the bad, and the ugly: 🧵
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2 months
Space Industrialist White Pill Wednesday: Despite not having its own magnetic field, you can shield the future Martian atmosphere from erosion by the solar wind with a relatively simple MRI magnet stationed at its L1 point. Just a few Tesla's of magnetic field will do fine.
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9 months
For two weeks we had a taste of what it was like if people cared about science as much as sports, movies, or music. Number one dream job among youth is a tik tok influencer. Maybe that can be changed if people had more time to think about what science can do for us.
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Andrew Côté
10 months
If it wasn't clear why this is a big deal, if successful LK-99 would be a watershed moment for humanity easily on-par with invention of the transistor. Here's why: For a catch-up on the original Korean paper: And why I was…
@Andercot
Andrew Côté
10 months
Superconducting magnet engineer chiming in. This result could be very big news, and overnight revolutionize all of electronics and energy. It might not. Here's a mental model for the non-expert to understand what's going on. RTAPS: The good, the bad, and the ugly: 🧵
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Andrew Côté
9 months
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2 months
I am so ready for the second jet age.
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3 months
Million token LLM's with perfect recall, and 1-minute videos with ray-tracing from a single sentence prompt. Announced on the same day. What did ya'll think acceleration meant? vibes? essays?
@Andercot
Andrew Côté
3 months
Prompt: Reflections in the window of a train traveling through the Tokyo suburbs.
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Andrew Côté
6 months
Friendly reminder that we designed the CANDU reactor in the 1950s. Over 150 reactor-years with zero accidents, injuries, or deaths. They last for >50 years giving 700 MWe with 90% - 94% capacity factor. Some notable features: - Most efficient of all nuclear reactors using…
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Andrew Côté
6 months
Most nuclear waste is highly dense fuel. Few understand this.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
AGI must be decentralized and cheap to be accessible for all Yet scaling laws in data and energy mean it will take trillions of dollars, leading to centralized control The solution is a total hardware revolution Here's the Thermodynamic Computing Explainer 🧵 w/ @Extropic_AI
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@Extropic_AI
Extropic
2 months
A bit more about what we are building
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Andrew Côté
2 months
Friendly reminder that Google's annual catering budget is $72 million, about twice the cost of Starship.
@Andercot
Andrew Côté
2 months
Huge congrats to everyone who worked on the new Google sign-in page, what a time to be alive.
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Andrew Côté
9 months
First we made the rocks think. Then we made rocks float.
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Andrew Côté
4 months
The cleanest and most reliable energy on the planet is Nuclear. For some reason this makes people angry.
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7 months
There's a magic rock called Plutonium-238 that radiates half a watt per gram for 80 years and fuels the simplest most reliable energy producing device ever made, the RTG. In 1988 we thought "yep don't need that anymore!" and stopped producing it. Thank God @NASA asked @ORNL to…
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Andrew Côté
4 months
What happened in 1971? We regulated to death the cheapest, most reliable, abundant form of clean energy on the planet - Nuclear Fission. Climate change, declining real GDP, inflation, wars for oil. Chernobyl killed 35 people. Fukushima killed one person Think for yourselves
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Andrew Côté
5 months
Humanity has a moral obligation to produce as much energy, as cheaply, and as cleanly, as possible. Anything less is asking the future to be worse than the present.
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1 month
I should add that in America it's probably more about how much money you have and cash flow lifestyle than it is your relationship to property and capital ownership and cultural consumptive preferences. In Europe there is very much a petite bourgeoisie who culturally have more…
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Andrew Côté
9 months
Arxiv should have Community Notes, where we can see the most upvoted critiques of specific plots and findings. Who is building this?
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Andrew Côté
2 months
This lets the fan operate at a different speed than the compressor stage, though the ratio is still fixed. Still, having this small amount of adaptability improved fuel efficiency by 16%. Today, their best-selling engine is the JT8D. It first ran in 1960.
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Andrew Côté
3 months
The miracle of life is to unpack a living organism from one cell, with a single molecule of instructions driving complex protein machinery. For first time in history, we can produce fully three-dimensional videos of this process. Let's take a look at Light Sheet Microscopy 🧵
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Andrew Côté
4 months
@chamath Food is one thing UK/European regulators got right.
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Andrew Côté
9 months
Big vibe shift in the last three days. Can you feel it?
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Andrew Côté
4 months
Swarovski has announced a pair of binoculars that use AI to identify whether the user is looking at a bird. Incredible that I have lived to see this prophesied moment become a reality.
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Andrew Côté
7 months
@mattwolfgang It's a trick to make you learn something
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1 month
The affordability of starter rings has long been recognized as a consistent way for nascent space-faring civilizations to climb the Kardashev property ladder
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10 months
The net-net: No champagne yet, but watch closely - this would be a serious game changer in things like power transmission, energy storage, and future-tech like quantum computers, fusion energy, mag-lev trains. I'm even more optimistic than 6 weeks ago
@Andercot
Andrew Côté
11 months
Every company builds products using the same limited set of available foundational technologies. Every few decades Physics produces a fundamentally new 'thing' that changes what's physically possible. High-temperature superconductors are coming, and they'll change everything.
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Andrew Côté
8 months
How Airships could unlock a $650 billion dollar carbon-free long-distance freight market The engineering scaling laws behind airships are incredibly compelling and could revolutionize transoceanic freight. But, they're unpopular for the wrong reasons. Here's the econo-physics…
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Andrew Côté
5 months
Groundbreaking New Theory of Life, the Universe, and Everything @leecronin has a new theory of Selection that draws from information theory, complexity science, physics, chemistry, and biology. Here's how Assembly Theory provides a universal radar for all possible life: tl;dr:…
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Andrew Côté
6 months
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Andrew Côté
6 months
This is what they stole from us.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
Huge congrats to everyone who worked on the new Google sign-in page, what a time to be alive.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
There are a few simple facts everyone should be aware of: - Before 1970 the learning rate for new nuclear power in the US was 23% - If we had continued with that rate and pace of deployment, nuclear would be 1/10th the cost it is today. Why is this important if solar is so…
@cremieuxrecueil
Crémieux
2 months
The American nuclear industry illustrates negative learning: the costs of plants have increased over time. But this is not nuclear's fault. Almost everywhere else, the learning rate is positive: costs decline as the industry gains experience building! 🧵 Consider France:
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Andrew Côté
19 days
Europe has less than 3% of the world’s deployed H100s
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Andrew Côté
3 months
A single AP1000 puts out 1,100 MWe with an average capacity factor of 93% in a footprint about the size of a large IKEA or Walmart. The fueling cycle lasts 18 months and produces 60,000 Megawatt-days per ton of fuel. During operation it emits zero CO2.
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Andrew Côté
3 months
Did you know you can just replace nature with solar panels to save the environment? In this photo is less MW than a single AP1000. Batteries not included.
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Andrew Côté
8 months
Microsoft is hiring PMs for its own nuclear energy program, meanwhile Meta spent $36 billion dollars on 'the metaverse.' Some companies build for the real world, other companies build to distract you from it.
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Andrew Côté
6 months
The biggest blackpill on why energy is expensive is this: because it's nearly impossible to develop new capacity and get it connected to the grid. Projects build in 2022 spent ~5 years waiting to get approved to connect to grid In 2015 it was 3 years In 2008 it was <2 years
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Andrew Côté
1 month
My guess as to "what happened in 1970" is roughly: This is when the limitations to growth and prosperity came more from our own designed social institutions rather than the struggle to master the physical world. To build, we used to fight nature. Now, we fight each other.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
The reality is we could've easily mastered energy, food, and material abundance with 1970s era Technology. Instead, we loaded up on virtue signaling, stakeholder engagement, and regulatory capture. I call this general phenomenon "The Blight"
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Andrew Côté
2 months
Mars is the next America.
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Andrew Côté
6 months
@sigfig Big tech co as societal panopticon is a little too on the nose
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Andrew Côté
9 months
It's a ferromagnet "We argue that, together with the pronounced shape anisotropy of the small fragments, the soft ferromagnetism is sufficient to explain the observed half levitation in strong vertical magnetic fields. Our measurements do not indicate the presence of the…
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@Andercot
Andrew Côté
9 months
LK-99: The Case for Skepticism By now there's been a number of replications, videos, pre-prints on arxiv, and at-home or at-work attempts to reproduce the original findings of Lee and Kim. Here's why I'm increasingly skeptical on LK-99 and my reasoning: #1 - The Videos…
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Andrew Côté
10 months
SpaceX has reduced the cost to get to orbit by 100x. This has quadrupled the space industry which is now on track to $1 trillion in size by 2030. What if we could reduce this cost by another 100x, and put a kilogram in orbit for $10? How To Get To Space: Rail-Gun Edition
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Andrew Côté
2 months
If you want to build a fleet, don't teach people the unit economics of orbital shipyards. Teach them to yearn for the endless void.
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Andrew Côté
8 months
Nuclear energy produces 750x more energy than it takes to provide. Solar energy produces 1.6x more energy than it takes to provide.
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Andrew Côté
8 months
The single most important commodity for an abundant flourishing human future is energy. The single most important metric for saving the planet is energy ROI - how much do you get out for what you put in. Pure renewables leads to civilizational bankruptcy and planetary ruin.
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Andrew Côté
1 month
They sure did!
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Andrew Côté
7 months
Your life is filled with miracles of science and technology because Western civilization has repeatedly beaten back the forces of barbarism, totalitarianism and ignorance. For most of history, most of humanity lived as slaves in poverty. Capitalism and hydrocarbons ended that.
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Andrew Côté
2 months
The irony is the strategy of outsourcing didn't work at all for the Aerospace industry. Boeing outsourced 70% of design, engineering, fab, and testing of the 787 Dreamliner Projected cost: $5 bn Actual cost: $22 bn
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Andrew Côté
2 months
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Andrew Côté
1 month
There's an interesting 2nd order effect on the horizon: Eventually superconducting reversible logic will be by far the most performative computing hardware platform, for AI training and inference at scale. This will drive massive economies of scale for cryogenics🧵
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