I write about inflammatory bowel disease providing inspiration, education and deep community. I am Professor of Gastroenterology and UKRIFLF. I also run a lot.
Advanced therapies for inflammatory bowel disease
Fully updated
• biologics in green
• small molecules in red
• biosimilars / generics in italics
• late stage development in light grey
Future timelines may not be fully accurate - will keep updating with further…
1st dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech Covid-19
#vaccine
💉 today. Brilliant team led by Pauline at the Western General.
I am recommending vaccination to all my patients with
#Crohn
’s &
#colitis
. You can watch our live Q&A on
#covid
& IBD 👇
Peace ✌️& hope 🙏
I am absolutely thrilled to announce that I have been awarded a 7 year
@UKRI_News
Future Leaders Fellowship
#UKRIFLF
- This will allow the rapid expansion of my ambitious programme of research in
#IBD
(
#Crohn
's disease &
#UC
).
• I hope that virtual conferences are NOT the future
• I wish I was in the USA right now at Digestive Diseases Week
• I've been every year since 2004
• Want to know why I want to be there? Read on👇
📍Do you feel this too❓For the same or different reasons❓
#Ship30for30
I have spent 18 years working in the IBD clinic - Tuesday mornings as a fellow & trainee (2003-9); Thursdays as a consultant (2010-present).
This has given me a critical long-term perspective on the very nature of Crohn's disease & UC.
Here are FIVE lessons on IBD care.
10 important randomised clinical trials in IBD published in 2022
Thread featuring:
• UPA for UC
• RISA for CD
• ABX464 in UC
• Filgotinib for UC
• Ozanimod for UC
• ADA vs USTE in CD
• FMT plus AID for UC
• High-dose ADA in IBD
SEVEN (!) new molecules could enter the clinic for IBD within the next THREE years.
These 7 new drug therapies include:
• two S1P inhibitors in UC
• three p19 inhibitors (Crohn's & UC)
• two JAK1 selective inhibitors in UC
Read on for a break down of what's coming soon [👇]
Top 12 papers on gut inflammation from 2022
These are the scientific / translational papers that had the biggest impact on me this year
• Heavily focused on diet and the microbiome
• High quality science papers from
@Nature
@ScienceMagazine
and
@CellCellPress
#WorldIBDday2021
- a time for hope & reflection
• We must do more to raise awareness
• But there is great cause for optimism
• With brilliant minds & sufficient research funding
• Treatments will begin to look more like cures
#NoGoingBack
#BreakTheSilence
#ship30for30
In 10 years time, a newly diagnosed IBD patient will have:
• complete disease control >90% of patients
• first medicine works >90% persistence
• minimal / zero toxicity
Completely normal quality of life
Hospitalisations & surgeries <10% of patients
Not a cure, but closer
Twelve principles to guide therapy in Crohn's disease
1/ Crohn's disease is progressive
With long-term, irreversible bowel damage, disability and poor quality of life the result.
- -
2/ Diagnostic delay is associated with worse outcomes
Ensure effective systems are in place…
After 2.5 years, today is Bea's last official day working in the Edinburgh IBD Unit.
It is difficult to express here what an incredible impact she has made on the entire team in Edinburgh.
Her hard work, dedication, passion and joy for the every day has impacted us all and…
We have an effective toolkit to help many people living with IBD.
When deployed early in the disease course we can achieve deep and sustained remission for many patients.
The following strategy [👇] is not perfect, but is cost-effective and can be adopted widely.
NEW thread 🧵
Treatment principles in Crohn's disease: a graphical thread 🧵 (n~28)
There is lots covered here
• impact of CD
• early effective therapy
• surgical trends
• biosimilars
• head to head studies
• mucosal healing
Follow along below👇
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
• affects nearly 1% in the West
• any age but mostly young people
• cause: 🥗 🧬 🦠
• symptoms can be intrusive
• treatment can be v effective
• but doesn't always work
• surgery & stoma often needed
IBD is not IBS!
#ship30for30
Fermented foods merit proper investigation in Crohn’s disease & UC
They perform better than high fibre diets in a randomised study
@CellCellPress
⬇️ inflammatory cytokines
⬆️ microbial diversity
Unexpected finding: demonstrates the importance of research to test assumptions
We now have clear guidance from JCVI on those patients eligible for a 3rd primary dose of COVID vaccine.
This includes IBD patients on infliximab, adalimumab, ustekinumab, tofacitinib, prednisolone and some on high-dose aza/mp/mtx.
Details here & below
Crohn's disease is progressive:
• strictures and fistulas
• surgery and stomas
• gut failure and TPN
• disability & ↓ QoL
There is an inflammatory window of opportunity
• avoid diagnostic delay
• treat (very) early
And use effective therapies
• biosimilar…
PRESS RELEASE
Our team have shown that 1 in 125 people in Edinburgh live with Crohn's or ulcerative colitis ... rates will exceed 1% within 10y. This replicates recent data from
@gilkaplan
in Canada. This is an urgent problem at a vast scale. 1/n
Advice for people with
#Crohn
's &
#UC
from the UK
#IBD
#COVID19
working group.
Please report confirmed cases to
#IOIBD
Secure-IBD Registry
Full guidance for UK IBD teams imminent via
@BritSocGastro
Stay safe & keep well
Some initial thoughts post
#UEGWeek2023
Risankizumab looks v good for Crohn's disease; impressive delta vs USTE across all primary and secondary endpoints
• Lifting the therapeutic ceiling a little but hardly smashing through it
• BUT ... multiple USTE biosimilars ready for…
My approach to Crohn's disease drug therapy
Plenty of nuance in here - a UK perspective where cost is an important factor
How does this change in your practice?
What is inflammatory bowel disease?
There appears to still be confusion, so let's clear things up:
• IBD is not the same as IBS
• IBD consists of Crohn's and UC
• IBD is lifelong with no known cure
• IBD requires treatment to prevent bowel damage
IBD and IBS often co-exist
How I approach every clinical interaction with an IBD patient.
“What is on your agenda to discuss today?”
Bowel symptoms
• stool frequency, consistency, blood, urgency, incontinence, pain
Systemic symptoms
• Nausea & vomiting, appetite, diet and weight, night sweats…
Treatment landscape for Crohn's disease and UC.
• A timeline based on EMA approval dates
• A slide needing regular updates
• New molecules and biosimiliars
Good news for clinicians and patients.
Let's discuss a little more ... 🧵
10 new papers of interest about IBD - published in the last 2 weeks
Thread featuring:
• SPARE trial
• NMA of zoster risk
• IBD diagnostic delay
• antibiotics & IBD risk
• RWE of tofa and RISA
• Monogenic IBD guidance
• autoantibodies that antedate UC
My approach to therapy for UC at the end of 2023
Choice of first line therapy driven by
• disease activity
• cost of therapy
• demographics
Many excellent therapies for first line use. Significant variation in practice at the national and international level.…
Tens of millions of people across the world live with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, but why?
What causes inflammatory bowel disease? [NEW THREAD]
Answered this KEY question will help us treat (cure) and ultimately prevent IBD.
I've been thinking about the unmet need in IBD.
• What is achievable now?
• Therapeutic pipeline is rich (hope)
• We have hit a therapeutic ceiling (problem)
• What else do patients need?
• Prevention & cure = moonshot
👇[click below] to read; pls add comments
#ship30for30
This morning I ran a thought experiment
I asked which IBD advanced therapies you would keep if you were only allow three.
My response and rationale is as follows:
1/ Infliximab
I'm definitely taking an anti-TNF and infliximab is my drug of choice.
• highly effective in…
In 2023 we have multiple effective agents approved for use in Crohn’s disease
What are the pros and cons of each as first-line agents?
Note 1: starting any one of these agents will usually be better than not starting any in moderate or severe Crohn's disease.
Note 2: The best…
Introduction to advanced therapies in IBD
My talk to the surgeons
@ACPGBI
today
@eicc
🧵 covering:
• therapeutic targets
• treatment strategies
• therapeutic ceiling
• early effective therapies in Crohn's
• the pros and cons of anti-TNF
• new small molecules for UC
Each day I am publishing an atomic essay on IBD
A master thread 🧵 of essays from the last 2 weeks covering:
• Drugs for UC in 2023
• Drugs for CD in 2023
• Positioning of drugs
• Managing IBD on a budget
• The flare clinic model
• And more ...
By Atomic IBD
Some days the clinic is hard
• the drugs aren't working
• the disease has progressed
• the psychological toll is heavy
Today was one of those days when IBD was hard
👇[click below] for my reflections from the clinic
#ship30for30
The rate of progress in IBD is staggeringly fast.
This should bring hope to patients, their families and the clinical teams working hard to help them.
We have much to do, but very many reasons to be hopeful.
On this 13th
#worldIBDday
I share my annual letter of hope
While there may be an increased risk of complications with
#covid19
for people taking immunosuppressants, please do not stop taking them now. Stopping them risks a disease flare. The biggest risk for infection is active
#IBD
(of moderate to severe activity).
@CrohnsColitisUK
We have received a high number of calls/messages from people with
#Crohns
or
#Colitis
who are worried about the
#Coronavirus
(aka
#COVID19
). We will continue to update our website as we receive more information.
We now have three key head-to-head studies in IBD
All have important implications for clinical practice
Which would you most like to see next? 👇👇👇
- -
VARSITY
• Vedo versus ADA in UC
• Vedo shows superiority
- -
SEAVUE
• USTE versus ADA in bionaive Crohn's
•…
SEQUENCE phase 3b RCT
Clear evidence of superiority for risankizumab over ustekinumab in Crohn’s disease
Endoscopic remission at week 48 double with RZB (31.8%) vs UST (16.2%)
Hugely important data - for more results including study design keep reading👇
The impact of IBD on a person's life is not just physical
Physical aspects
• diarrhoea, urgency, blood in stool and pain
• loss of appetite and weight loss
• night sweats and fevers
• nausea and vomiting
• joint pains, eye problems, skin rashes and mouth ulcers…
2 new IBD therapies in 3 papers and 1 editorial in
@TheLancet
today
• Upadacitinib in ulcerative colitis
• Risankizumab induction in Crohn's disease
• Risankizumab maintenance in Crohn's disease
Exciting molecules coming to the clinic later this year
I will unpack all soon
The most invigorating ECCO congress in recent years
I’m hunkering down in a central Stockholm hotel for the next 24 hours to write my thoughts for Atomic IBD
Leaving the hospital after the Christmas Eve IBD clinic. I’m looking forward to a few quiet and restful days off. I hope everyone has the chance for a moment of peace. The Edinburgh sky is incredible tonight.
Today I want to discuss DIET and IBD
The most common question in the clinic is "Doctor, what should I EAT?"
👇 [click below] to read my thoughts
• I'm interested to hear how you approach this
• Look out for tomorrow when i'll discuss
@PREdiCCt
#ship30for30
#UKRIFLF
Upadacitinib for Crohn's disease
• data from Edinburgh and Exeter
• n=93 with median 25w follow-up
• effective in highly refractory cohort
See 👇 for figures and link
@FrontGastro_BMJ
A full day of IBD clinic where there was no hiding from the unmet need our patients face
• treatments that don’t work
• unrelenting disease progression
• substantial psychosocial morbidity
A day when the current tools feel inadequate
We work hard to find practical…
The impact of Crohn's disease and UC on a person's life can be devastating.
With 1 in 125 of the population living with
#IBD
it is important we realise what they might be going through.
It isn't just physical; here 👇 are just some of the ways IBD affects people.
Why do I travel? To TEACH about IBD. To SHAKE UP old dogma. To use new DATA to promote EARLY appropriate treatment with EFFECTIVE drugs. To INSPIRE teams to RESEARCH & COLLABORATE. To provide HOPE to patients. IBD is a global disease; it has no respect for cultural boundaries.
Starting May 15 I'll post an atomic essay & video every day for 30 days
#ship30for30
#UKRIFLF
I'm going to write about
#IBD
exploring
• unanswered questions
• unmet need
• improving outcomes
• environment, diet, the microbiome& genetics
• digital health
• & resilience
I have an important message for our entire global IBD community.
A message to:
• our patients
• my fellow healthcare professionals
• academics, clinician scientists, industry & biotech partners
• patient organisations, charities & funding bodies
It is a message of hope ✌️
I've started to think about life for our patients post-pandemic.
We face many challenges but I'm optimistic.
Advances in drug development, genomics, digital health, AI & more.
This is the start of a new series on Innovations in IBD & the story of the innovators.
#ship30for30
This is my talented and beautiful daughter Holly playing her pipes - every Thursday at 8pm outside our house. We are all in this together. Wish i'd swept the yard! Every week a different tune.
An illustrated thread 🧵 on JAK inhibitors for IBD
Game-changing small molecules that
• work fast
• work when TNF fails
• don't need steroids to work
Follow along as I outline the key themes 👇
10 reasons to get your faecal calprotectin checked and know the result as an IBD patient
Calprotectin is not a perfect test and we know it is fiddly to collect; but it is a very powerful tool to monitor levels of gut inflammation.
1. The goals of treatment in Crohn's disease…
A patient comes to the IBD clinic. I know him very well but I have not seen him for some time.
He has had troublesome IBD for many years. Multiple admissions, several surgeries and lots of different medicines.
But something is different ... 1/n
Excellent piece on Crohn’s disease and cricket in today’s
@thetimes
Mike Atherton (who has UC) writes sensitively and accurately about Jack Leach who has Crohn’s disease (and takes adalimumab).
Great to see such a positive story
@Athersmike
@jackleach1991
@CrohnsColitisUK
Atomic IBD Uncut - Episode One
Something new
• daily videos
• one take, uncut
• here and on YouTube
Talking about IBD
• therapies new and old
• evolving IBD management
• holistic care
Let's talk about equity of care in IBD
Every person living with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis should have access to good care
No matter geography, age, gender, ethnicity, social status, wealth
This is an urgent issue for our global community
Looking for a simple guide for treating Crohn's disease?
• Here is a set of principles
• Should work with current effective therapies
• The field is moving fast
• This framework will help you integrate new data
• And new therapies
👇[click below to read]
#ship30for30
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can have a significant impact on a person's life.
• physical symptoms
• psychological aspects
• long-term complications of disease
• impact on everyday life
With good medical care from an IBD team this can be minimised.
#ship30for30
All of this happened in IBD this month 👇
🧵 thread featuring:
• VEGA pub
• UPFs & Crohn's
• ADA descalation
• pharma news items
• an amazing 5-ASA story
• serological signatures & CD
• IFX biosimilar multi-switching
• a brilliant new website of IBD trials
ANNOUNCEMENT: I’m going to start a new series of patient education events across Scotland for people affected by IBD ... starting in Edinburgh early October. Are you keen to get involved or help out? Please get in touch. Aiming to make it fun, informative, educational & social.
Inflammatory bowel disease can have a profound impact on the individual.
And we are seeing a global surge in unmet needs.
In this illustrated thread we'll unravel the key challenges.
Watch my
#ECCO19
plenary talk on
#PrecisionMedicine
in
#IBD
in full here thanks to amazing webcast.
Stratifying by disease biology to choose the right drug for the right patient.
Two fundamental principles in Crohn's disease:
1. Disease is progressive
2. Disconnect between symptoms & inflammation
Treat inflammation early & effectively to stop disease progression.
So important we made a video about it:
@ErikRVA
@CrohnsColitisUK
First wow moment
#ECCO23
for me
Vedolizumab highly effective in post-operative recurrence in Crohn’s disease (high-risk population)
Practice changing data
FIVE simple ways to transform care in the IBD clinic today.
• ASK about fatigue, mood and sleep
• Enquire about diet
• Be curious about IBD and impact on life
• Think about medication adherence
• Check calprotectin
Moving close to holistic care.
#ship30for30
10 tips to improve outcomes for your IBD patients in 2023
1) ADOPT early effective therapy in Crohn’s disease
This is best way to stop the disease from progressing.
2) Manage flares expediently in UC with advanced therapies
Stopping flares quickly is good for patients and…
Upadacitinib meets key primary efficacy endpoints in Crohn's disease
U-ENDURE: phase 3 RCT of upadacitinib maintenance in moderate to severely active Crohn's disease
Data taken from Abbvie Press Release 11th May 2022
Anti-TNF drugs are highly effective and affordable therapies for Crohn’s disease and UC
But they have 3 main problems:
1. They don’t work for everyone
2. They lose effectiveness over time
3. Subsequent therapies work less well
From fatigue to food choices, inflammatory bowel disease can impact every aspect of a person's life.
Learn more about the many ways this chronic disease affects daily life.
The PANTS-extension study out today
@LancetGastroHep
After 3 years of therapy only 1/3 IFX and 1/3 ADA patients are still on drug in remission
• notable that proportion exiting due to drug failure higher with ADA versus IFX (remember this is NOT randomised h2h)
Most…
Requests for IBD sessions
@my_ueg
#UEGWeek
next year
• bring back proper poster session
• put all post-hoc analysis of phase 3 RCTs in poster sessions
• more oral presentations for academic work
• don’t give abstract prizes to old professors presenting pharma data
🙏
Current therapies for
#IBD
with a few key pointers:
- do not use 5ASA medicines in
#Crohn
's disease
- avoid excess use of steroids
- azathioprine & MP are maintenance agents (so should not be used to induce remssion)
- anti-TNF therapy works best when started early