Delaying school start times by 1hr = 1) more sleep, 2) better attendance, and 3) superior academic performance. Conclusion: "A delay in school start time should be seriously considered to improve sleep and academic achievements of students." Quite.
Interesting findings on how to help crying infants sleep. Study suggests a two-part path: 1) hold the baby and walk with them for 5 minutes, then 2) sit and hold the baby for 5-8 minutes before putting them back to bed. The “walking-to-sit method.”
Sleeping 5hr or less can leave you with a heart that looks 10 years older. We have also observed such accelerated aging of the protective telomeres (tips) of your chromosomes caused by insufficient sleep.
*Sleep = Health Insurance*
Small study w/limitations: smartphone use in bed = longer time to fall asleep, more time awake at night, higher heart rate & lower HRV (nominal effects on REM/NREM). Love
@michaelgrandner
's rule: you can only use your phone standing up in the bedroom 🙌
More evidence showing how the brain cleans itself of toxins during sleep, including those associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Wake = Low-level brain damage
Sleep = Sanitary salvation
@Golibe6
I understand why this would seem to make sense. But the science says the exact opposite. Less sleep does not = more productive. More sleep = more productive, efficiency, creativity, and ingenuity. Plus a longer health span. But it’s all a personal choice. I respect all choices.
Coffee & early death: Despite my favorable coffee bias, I cleave to the mantra: the dose & timing make the poison. New data: ≥2cups/day doubles the risk of mortality expressly in those with high blood pressure (fyi 1cup/day still reduces risk
#Goldilocks
)
Desperately trying to change the sleep deprivation culture in
#medicine
with this written critique. A
#sleep
reformation is needed, throughout all of medical care. Thank you,
@TheLancet
, for gifting me this stage.
Junior doctors working a 34 h shift will make 460% more diagnostic mistakes than when well rested.
@sleepdiplomat
Matthew Walker asks how can we change the culture of
#sleep
within medicine?
Thanks to
@lexfridman
,
@hubermanlab
,
@davidasinclair
,
@PeterAttiaMD
(🙏), I've decided to (inarticulately) launch a Podcast. First episode released today. On Instagram (drmattwalker), lmk how I can do things better, and what topics you want me to cover!
How to give your child 2.4 hours of extra sleep? Fascinating work suggest:
1. Consistent bedtime
2. Avoiding sugary drinks
3. Removing toys and electronics from the bedroom
4. Calming activities pre-bed (e.g. reading, jigsaw puzzles)
Associational study showing that nearly 25% of a student’s grade is predicted by sleep in the weeks before the exam. Suggests sleep hysteresis: it’s not simply sleep the night prior to the exam. Rather, it's your aggregated sleep history over many weeks.
I really enjoyed talking to the brilliant
@hubermanlab
on his podcast. He is an incredible scientist, educator, and human being, and I'm honored to be able to call him a friend. Check out his podcast on YouTube and everywhere else:
Sleep: a foundation, not pillar, of mental health? Associational study of +1,000 people. Sleep quality was the strongest predictor of depressive symptoms and flourishing, followed by sleep quantity. Next were physical activity then diet (fruit & veggies).
@Casey
Thanks for sharing,
@Casey
. Would be delighted to connect and chat about your sleep. There are rare genetic mutations that mean a v small number of people sleep only 6hr. But most people don't have this gene though ☺️.
A jump in the number of people sleeping <6hr from 2010 (30%) to 2018 (35%). Hardest hit: those in healthcare (45%) and the military (50%). This is unsustainable chronic sleep deprivation for maintaining human health.
Dive into the fascinating world of the caffeine nap, a unique method which ties together two arch nemesis - sleep and caffeine! Are you looking to master the art of napping, combat sleep inertia, or boost your productivity in the afternoons?
#CaffeineNap
#ProductivityBoost
They say don't meet your idols for fear of disappointment. This does *not* apply to
@peterattiaMD
. A true privilege to converse with you, Peter, for 6.5 hours straight (w/one toilet break). Thank you for the podcast trilogy, and incoming AMA...
A night without sleep impairs clearance of molecular detritus within the human brain. This was not compensated for by a recovery night of sleep. Editorial note suggests that in this regard: "humans do not catch up on lost sleep.”
Sleeping in a room with even mild light (100 lux = ~⅕ of the light of a typical dept store): 1) ⬇️ REM, 2) ⬇️ deep sleep, 3) revs up your fight/flight nervous system, which 4) predicts impaired next-day insulin & spiking glucose
#GetDark
😊
@PhyllisZee
👏
Insufficient sleep is strongly linked to suicide. Young doctors--a strikingly sleep deprived group--have double the normal rates of suicide completion. We must find better ways to train young doctors...and save their lives.
Sleep *irregularity* and mortality: Study 60,977 participants. Those in the highest (regular) vs. lowest (worse) 20th% of sleep regularity, night to night = -49%⬇️⬇️ risk of all-cause mortality, -39%⬇️⬇️ risk of cancer mortality, -57%⬇️⬇️ risk of cardiometabolic mortality.…
Starved for sleep? 4 nights of short sleep ramps up the body’s own (endogenous) production of cannabinoids. A new mechanism (alongside leptin & ghrelin) explaining why a lack of sleep = excessive food intake, and the link between short sleep & obesity?
Conclusions of a new study "Can I sleep too much?" Answer “No”. Additionally, for *young adults: "average sleep duration was 8.6h” Matt's* 1) still, don’t spend too much time in bed awake, and 2) 8.6h may not be realistic for midlife/older adults.
Simply associational, but older adults who slept 5hr a night or less were twice as likely to develop dementia across 5 years vs. those who slept 7-8hr. Snoring also a key player. I hope we can better address age-related sleep impairment in the clinic...
@hubermanlab
Thank you for such kind words,
@hubermanlab
! To think what YOU have done for science, health, and the betterment of humanity, is a thing of true remark. With indebted gratitude, my good fellow 🙏🏻.
Saddening and concerning data from +60,000 teens. The less sleep an adolescent has, the more likely they are to engage in a host of harmful behaviours (self-harm included).
Sleeping <6.5hr/night causes abnormalities in (hematopoietic) stem cell activity, with distortions of cell DNA. Second study in mice replicated this inflammatory, defective stem-cell impact. Also, recovery sleep did not fully reverse the cell defects.
Just released Ep.02 of the podcast: Sleep Pressure. Please reach out and let me know: 1) how I can be doing this podcasting thing better, and 2) what new topics you want me to cover. Thank you - for all your kindness and support. It means so much to me 🙏.
Thank you,
@foundmyfitness
, for such a wonderfully thoughtful, deep and wide-ranging conversation! I hope we get the chance to do it again in the future--I really do. Continue to be brilliant, Rhonda!
New 2.5-hr podcast with Dr. Matt Walker (
@sleepdiplomat
) on the critical role sleep plays in enhancing learning and maximizing creativity, how deep sleep is key for the prevention of brain aging, how sleep regulates blood glucose and immunity & much more!
One of the most remarkable, humane, and necessary services enacted by a doctor is their management of a patient's pain. Yet physicians working nightshifts, linked to insufficient sleep, lose their empathy, and as a result, prescribe less pain medication.
@hubermanlab
Likewise.
@PeterAttiaMD
book is an epic distillation of true meaning for anyone that reads it. You will be changed by this book. The book will change “you” biologically, “you”
behaviourally, and “you” mentally.
Treating sleep apnea associated with more than a 20% reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, and the progressive declining stages into Alzheimer’s disease.
New podcast episode: Melatonin conspectus 1) what is melatonin? 2) how does melatonin work? 3) what does melatonin do (and *not* do) for your sleep? 4) how can we think about melatonin supplementation?
If you are struggling with disordered eating, or a living with someone who is, I implore you to listen to this episode. It is of profound importance, done brilliantly.
@hubermanlab
Thank you. You are remarkable. 🙌
Sleep loss influences educational outcomes more than drugs or drinking? These data are simply correlation. But we have experimental studies proving the causal link between sleep, cognitive performance and mental health.
A 15% increase in people sleeping less than 6hr a night in the US, relative to 2004. The elastic band of sleep deprivation can stretch only so far before it snaps...
Before delaying school start times: ave wake-up time for high schoolers: 5:46AM. Weekends: 09:16AM = Social jet lag similar to flying back-forth from LA to NYC every weekend. And, 3 out of every 4 kids were suffering clinical-grade daytime sleepiness. 🤦♂️
Following evening weightlifting, 45g of protein before bed (1) ⬆️ overnight myofibrillar protein synthesis (which aids in building muscle), and (2) ⬆️ mitochondrial protein synthesis (key for protein translation). Casein and whey = similar benefits 💪🙌
Are we the only species that deliberately deprives itself of sleep for no adaptive benefit? This episode of ‘Sleep is Bloody Remarkable’ reveals the answers, including which animal has developed their own Iron Man suit of invulnerability against sleep loss
As requested (and promised!), I'm now also hosting the podcast episode on YouTube (audio for now). Keep letting me know what topics you want me to cover in the podcast. *Amazing* suggestions thus far. Thank you, everyone -- such a wonderful community🙏
Can you exercise your way to better sleep? Part 1 of a trilogy on the topic. Today: sleep quantity, quality, and deep sleep vs. walking, moderate exercise, and HIIT exercise.
Adopting a polyphasic sleep practice, such as that of the "Uberman" schedule, is associated with worse sleep, worse task performance, worse mood, and worse mental and physical health outcomes. 'Sleeping like a baby' may not be ideal for adults.
Sincere and reverent thanks to the
@FinancialTimes
for taking a risk on public sleep advocacy: Sleep expert Matthew Walker on the secret to a good night’s rest
Just released the next episode of the podcast: Circadian Rhythms. Keep letting me know what topics you want me to cover. And keep telling me how I can be doing this better ☺️! Thanks again for all of your support!
@hubermanlab
@rayleigh_haught
@DailyLoud
Thanks,
@hubermanlab
. As to the claim, I don’t agree, though I don’t see any study cited to which they refer. The association between chronotype and risk of mortality has been explored in several studies I know of, and the findings suggest modest if any link. Also, such studies…
Our new findings just out describing a memory-salvaging relationship between deep sleep and Alzheimer's brain pathology. Sleep as cognitive reserve. All down to the remarkable work of
@zaveczzsofi
👏
New episode now live! Part 1 of a three-part series on evening types vs. morning types (aka your chronotype ⏱). Keep the request coming for topics you want me to cover. I’m building a list from your suggestions! Thanks again for all your support 🙏!
Just release Part 2 (of 3) on evening types vs. morning types, or your chronotype. Keep sending your topic suggestions. They are fantastic! Thanks again for all of your support, and for subscribing. Honestly, it means so much to me.
How do these three factors impact your sleep: 1) Type, 2) Intensity, and 3) Duration? All are explained in Pt.3 (of 4-part series) on
#exercise
&
#sleep
! 💤🧎♂️💪
Sleep loss ⬇️⬇️ gut microbiome diversity, causes microbiota imbalance (dysbiosis), further ⬆️⬆️ inflammation. Transplanting microbiota of sleep-deprived humans into well-rested mice triggers similar inflammation, including in brain regions controlling memory & decision-making.…
Why a lack of sleep = weight gain (pt2). Yes, you eat more when sleep deficient. But what you want to eat also changes in terms of macros. Plus, how your body deposits food as fat vs. muscle is upended. New episode...
Poor sleep is associated with poor mental health (e.g., depression, suicidality). Many in the public, but also in prison systems, struggle with both. That’s why this work on treating acute insomnia in prisons by
@JasonGEllis101
is so laudable IMHO 🙏
Worried that getting too much sleep might be detrimental to your health? Think again! We delve into the fascinating world of oversleeping and uncover the incredible cognitive and physiological advantages it offers.
Listen to the full episode:
@hubermanlab
Superb advice
@hubermanlab
! Just in case it’s helpful for folks re: light, including tamping down melatonin in the morning with ☀️ (👍🏻), and avoinding suppression (👎🏻) late evening🌙.
Ambien partially alters the normal expression of genes within the cortex of rats––genes that are otherwise fundamental to natural sleep (authors: “no drug fully replicates the molecular changes in the cortex associated with recovery sleep”).
@hubermanlab
@thatinvestrlife
@CurrentBiology
@CellPressNews
Sadly, we know that nicotine disrupts sleep significantly. It increases light stage 1 and stage 2 NREM, increases the amount of time you are awake at night, and decreases the amount of deep NREM sleep. Hope that helps!
Caffeine is the only psychoactive stimulant we readily give to our children. Interesting new policy from Costa Coffee.
@Starbucks
—are you willing to be brave and step up?
White participants "often/always" taking sleep pills = 79% higher chance of developing dementia (vs. "never/rarely”). Among Black participants (who used sleep aids markedly less), the dementia risk was far lower. Note: associational study, not causal.
Remarkable new findings from David Zada & Lior Appelbaum (in fish & mice):
Wakefulness -> DNA damage
Sleep -> DNA repair
(🙌
@ClaudioCantu81
for the alert)
Should anyone be interested, I’ll be giving a free public lecture on sleep at the San Francisco Hyatt Regency Hotel this Saturday afternoon, March 23rd.
Amazing study by Tasali et al. Take individuals who are overweight and sleeping too little (<6.5hr/night). Then increase sleep by 1.2hr/night for 2-weeks. Relative energy intake (to control) drops by ~270 kcal/day (similar to a 5-mile walk/day)!
Colorectal cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US. Sleeping <6hr/night is associated with a 50% increased risk of colorectal cancer. Authors' conclusion: Short sleep is a public health hazard leading...[to] colorectal adenomas.
Sleeping Pills & Mortality: New study of 484,916 individuals: 1) sleeping pill use decreased life expectancy by ~5% (~4.5 yr for ave human life), and 2) 12-13 yr for those using sleeping pills with v. short sleep (<4 hr) NB: study=correlational, not causal
Newborn infants need between 14-16 hours of sleep a day.👶👶 Babies ages 4-12 months require 12-15hr/night. Join
@DrCanapari
and me as we explore sleep in infancy, and unpack the why and the how of newborn sleep.
#InfantSleep
#PolyphasicSleep
Sleep: canary in the coal mine? Poor/average quality sleep predicts numerous ill-health conditions up to 10 years in advance. Includes strong predictive risk (ratio RR) of dementia (RR = 6.2), early death (RR = 5.7), and cognitive impairment (RR = 4.0)
When is the best (and worst) time to exercise when it comes to sleep? In this latest episode, we'll discuss both the how and when, not just the if and what, of exercise timing and sleep Zzz's!
#SleepFacts
New US national sleep survey: 1) 30% of adults carry ≥1hr of sleep debt/wk (every wk), 2) 30% struggle to sleep, 3) 27% are chronically sleepy during the day, 4) 46% suffer ≥1hr of "social jet lag" (wk vs. wkend sleep mismatch). A society in search of sleep...
@lexfridman
@davidasinclair
@hubermanlab
*You* are the inspiration,
@lexfridman
. I'm eps in awe of, and inspired by, your willingness to be vulnerable and imperfect, all against the backdrop of an operating system drenched in compassion and the L-word ☺️. Thank you, my dear friend, for all of your authentic goodness.
@lexfridman
@elonmusk
Or the remarkable Mr. Musk does not wake up since one would have to first sleep 😊. I jest. And I wish only resplendent and sufficient sleep for you both (and for the entirety of humanity).
Did you know that sleep apnea affects a billion people worldwide? 😱 Join us on this episode as we dive into the prevalence and dangers of this serious sleep disorder. Let's raise awareness and get people tested! 💤
#SleepApnea
#PublicHealth
New episode of the podcast all about...naps! Are they good/bad? Were we even designed to nap? And if you do nap, when should you do it, and for how long? Thanks again for all of your support of this podcast. It means such a great deal to me 🙏☺️.
Certain animals sleep very little. Why is this interesting? Either some species have evolved a (currently undetermined) ability to require little sleep, or they suffer an as-yet-undiscovered cost (hoping for the former 🐘🤞!)
Can exercise boost deep NREM sleep quality⚡️? Does that come at the cost of REM sleep 😨? Is regular exercise effective for maintaining high-quality sleep, or do the effects eventually wear off? Sleep & Exercise Pt. 2:
🎙️ Welcome to a mind-blowing episode of Matt Walker's podcast! Today, we're unlocking the secrets of memory, especially motor/skill memory. Get ready for an unforgettable journey!
#MindMystery