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Patrick Cramer Profile
Patrick Cramer

@mpgpresident

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President, Max Planck Society @maxplanckpress

Munich, Germany
Joined April 2017
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
#Remdesivir does NOT block #coronavirus polymerase. It imparis RNA translocation and causes an elongation barrier that is overcome at high substrate concentrations. Our paper presenting the mechanism of remdesivir action is now online: #SARSCoV2 #COVID19
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Visualizing the central dogma in cells! The labs of Julia Mahamid @embl and @RappsilberLab present the in situ structure of the transcribing-translating expressome. Glad we could contribute. @DTegunov @WimJHH @JorgStulke Preprint:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Our structures of nucleosome-bound Yamanaka factor Sox2 and Sox11 elucidate how pioneer factors invade chromatin for differentiation and development.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
We present structures of (Mediator)-Pol II pre-initiation complexes at high resolution. Feels great to arrive at a detailed understanding, incl. conformational changes in TFIIH translocase XPB during DNA opening. PIC: Mediator-PIC:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Our RNA polymerase II-U1 snRNP structure elucidates co-transcriptional splicing. It suggest a nascent RNA loop on the Pol II surface enables efficient splice site scanning. Fabulous work by Suyang Zhang in collaboration with the Lührmann lab. Manuscript:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
mRNA vaccine is an amazing success, based on basic molecular biology, incl.: -Discovery mRNA 1961 -Genetic code & translation -Codon optimization -Phage pol IVT -RNA modification & stability -Structure-based protein engineering 2017
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Rosalind Franklin provided the key data for deriving the double helix structure of DNA. She also pioneered studies of viruses and RNA. This benchmark essay celebrates the 100th anniversary of Franklin’s birth and the advent of molecular biology.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
Honored to serve science and society as next president of @maxplanckpress and looking forward to visit our 85 institutes and prepare for my term.
@maxplanckpress
Max Planck Society
2 years
At its meeting on 23 June 2022, the Max Planck Society’s Senate appointed Patrick Cramer, Director at the Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences in Göttingen @mpi_nat , as new President-elect for the term of office from 2023 to 2029. @CramerLab #maxplanckhv2022
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Transcription-coupled DNA repair: After a long journey, we can now see how CSA, CSB, UVSSA and CRL4 remodel the transcribing Pol II complex for ubiquitination and DNA repair. Masterpiece by @KokicGoran .
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
"Free, curiosity-driven basic research is the foundation of public research funding" - an important statement of the new German coalition #Koalitionsvertrag
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Free access link for AlphaFold2 and the future of structural biology
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
Great to see how Integrator embraces the paused transcription complex to engage with nascent RNA and trigger Pol II attenuation. Paper by @isaac_fianu et al. edited by @dijiang319 is out @ScienceMagazine :
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Very honored to be elected as a foreign member of the National Academy @theNASciences . Many thanks to my colleagues and friends in the US!
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Now online: visualizing the central dogma inside cells! Glad we could contribute to this marvelous work on the expressome by the labs of Julia Mahamid and Juri Rappsilber @RappsilberLab @FJ_OReilly @Liang_Xue_ @DTegunov @JorgStulke @embl Paper:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
We show how the #COVID19 drug #remdesivir inhibits #coronavirus replication: Remdesivir stalls the viral polymerase by posing a translocation barrier, retaining the RNA 3'-end in the substrate-binding site, and hindering RNA proofreading. Preprint:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
It is an honor to serve as managing director of our new Max Planck Institute from today. I thank my colleagues for their trust and look forward to an exciting year.
@mpi_nat
MPI for Multidisciplinary Sciences
2 years
Welcome to MPI-NAT! 🎉 We wish you all a #HappyNewYear . 🥂 In the future, from this channel we will share everything interesting from the MPI for Multidisciplinary Sciences with you. #StayTuned ! 🙂 #Finally #SomethingNew
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
6 years
Our structure of the Pol II-nucleosome complex reveals a defined nucleosome orientation and provides the starting point for understanding the mechanisms of chromatin transcription:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Here we review all ~200 available Pol II complex structures and summarize how these elucidated transcription initiation, promoter-proximal pausing and elongation, and the navigation of nucleosomes and DNA lesions.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Pol II directly binds U1 snRNP: We propose a 'growing intron loop' model for co-transcriptional splicing. Great collaboration with R. Lührmann @mpi_bpc . Now online:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Our paper describing the #coronavirus RNA polymerase structure is online. The nsp8 extensions contact RNA far away from the active site, apparently enabling processive replication of the very long #SARSCoV2 genome. Publication: PR:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Following 20 years of work on Mediator we share our human Mediator-PIC structure. Mediator hook reaches the TFIIH kinase active center. Great team @vasan06 @S_Schilb @shintoez . Note related work by @YuanHe_NWU @TjianDarzacq . Submitted version of Jan 25:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
TBP binding to a nucleosome, assisted by TFIIA. Unexpected structures and their implications by @HaiboWang36 now online:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Enhancers may cooperate synergistically to determine cell fate. Synergistic enhancers are defined by eRNA synthesis, depend on cell-specific TFs and differ form occupancy-defined superenhancers. Great collaboration with Graf & Söding labs. Finally out:
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Our new manuscript sugggests how Chd1 and FACT mediate Pol II transcription through a nucleosome. Pol II partially unwraps DNA, activates Chd1 translocase and recruits FACT histone chaperone. Masterpiece by @LucasFarnung with M. Ochmann, M. Engeholm.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
5 years
Our structure of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex RSC bound to a nucleosome and exit DNA provides insights into formation of nucleosome-depleted, transcriptionally active promoters: Note forthcoming related work by @Nogaleslab and Yuan He's lab
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
27 days
Signing a MoU with Indian Institute of Science @iiscbangalore
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Today‘s nearly unbelievable breakthrough in structure prediction should help us obtain missing building blocks for large complexes. ‘It will change everything’: DeepMind’s AI makes gigantic leap in solving protein structures
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Congratulations @DTegunov for passing the PhD defense! Outstanding thesis describing Warp and M software for #CryoEM data processing.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
8 months
Contract with Elsevier signed! This means open access to most Elsevier journals for German institutions. Thanks to all who helped over the years! @DEAL_Operations @HRK_aktuell @MPDL @maxplanckpress
@HRK_aktuell
Hochschulrektorenkonferenz (HRK)
8 months
DEAL Consortium and Elsevier Announce Transformative Open Access Agreement for Germany. The five-year agreement, set to run until the end of 2028, is designed to make a large part of German research openly accessible worldwide.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
It is an honor to accept the Otto Warburg Medal on behalf of past and present members of the laboratory. The Warburg Lecture will take place on April 3, 2020 during the GBM symposium on “The world of RNAs”
@GBM_eV
GBM e.V.
4 years
We are pleased to announce Prof. Patrick Cramer Director at MPI for Biophysical Chemistry as Otto Warburg Medal winner 2020 #OWM20 @mpi_bpc @CramerLab @BBAjournals @ElsevierConnect
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
Structures of nucleosome arrays suggest that H1 binding depends on length & trajectory of linker DNA. This can explain why arrays with short spacing are H1-depleted & suited for transcription. @mdombro_ @Sveta_Dodonova @c_dienemann Paper:
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Our new paper suggests that co-transcriptional spliceosome assembly triggers efficient release of paused RNA polymerase II for active transcription. Great contribution of first authors @LCaizzi and @SaraMM_4 to #womansday2021 ! Paper:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Our review containing all RNA polymerase II structures is now freely available online:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
It is a great honor to receive the Jeantet Prize 2021. Very grateful to past & present coworkers for their contributions over the last two decades. Hoping we can soon get vaccinated and celebrate. @maxplanckpress @mpibpc @LouisJeantetFDN @uniGoettingen
@LouisJeantetFDN
Louis-Jeantet Foundation / Fondation Louis-Jeantet
3 years
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
What does "co-transcriptional splicing" mean? Our model implies that spliceosome assembly is truly co-transcriptional, i.e. functionally dependent on active Pol II. The ensuing catalytic steps of splicing may be Pol II-independent, although they can occur on nascent RNA.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Hauke Hillen is starting as a tenure-track professor today at the University of Göttingen & UMG. Congratulations and all the best to the new lab! @hauke_hillen @uniGoettingen @mpi_bpc
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
We show how the chromatin remodeller Chd1 and the histone chaperone FACT help RNA polymerase II to pass through a nucleosome. Pol II transcribes into & partially unwraps the nucleosome, enabling Chd1 & FACT to bind. Congrats @LucasFarnung ! Free download:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
Many, many congratulations to our @maxplanckpress colleague Svante Pääbo, on receiving this year‘s Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine! It is a great recognition of Svante‘s pioneering work and visionary leadership. Glad I could just visit @MPI_EVA_Leipzig , the place to be.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
#Nucleosome passage by Pol II: H2A/H2B loss, backtracking and TFIIS-mediated reactivation. Finished in a transatlantic collaborationbetween @LucasFarnung @MoritzOchmann @GargGaurika @seyvos
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
5 years
Now online: this review summarizes the state of the eukaryotic transcription field and describes the dynamic interplay between nuclear condensates and Pol II complexes that together organize transcription. #moet2019
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
7 months
When Simone Schwanitz and I visited Ferenc Krausz @MPI_Quantum to congratulate he enthusiastically described his latest research project! This is the spirit.
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Patrick Cramer
1 year
Finally out: our PIC structures with +1 nucleosome. Compared to human, the yeast nucleosome is closer to the PIC and interacts with TFIIH instead of Mediator. The nucleosome may help position the PIC and define the TSS. @HaiboWang36 @S_Schilb
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
1 year
Dem Angriff von @ulfposh @welt auf Wissenschaftlerinnen und Kommunikatoren halte ich entgegen: Wissenschaft bleibt glaubwürdig. Es geht um die Zukunft der Demokratie.
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Very honored to receive the Aminoff Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy together with my close colleagues Elena Conti @MPI_Biochem and Seth Darst @RockefellerUniv . Grateful to many past and present coworkers @CramerLab , colleagues at @mpi_bpc and @maxplanckpress for all support.
@ScienceAcad_swe
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
3 years
This year’s Aminoff Prize is awarded to researchers Elena Conti @MPI_Biochem and Patrick Cramer @MPIbp in Germany and Seth Darst @RockefellerUniv in the US, for studies of RNA.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Our structure of the chromatin-modifying coactivator SAGA elucidates early events before transcription pre-initiation complex formation. Note related work from the Schultz lab published back-to-back. @mpibpc @igbmc
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
5 months
Traveling to Israel today with four colleagues @maxplanckpress to visit @WeizmannScience .
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
5 years
Now published: Real-time cryo-EM data pre-processing with Warp, by Dimitry @DTegunov . Warp corrects and denoises images, automatically picks particles, and generates output for RELION. @cryoEM_Papers #CryoEM Paper: Software:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
We are supported again by an Advanced Grant of the European Research Council @ERC_Research . With these funds we will extend our research towards the mechanisms of chromatin transcription. Thanks to all coworkers who made this possible.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
7 months
Stay save, our friends.
@WeizmannScience
Weizmann Institute
7 months
קהילת מכון ויצמן מתאחדת בצער עמוק על מותם של חפים מפשע ומייחלת להחלמתם של הפצועים ולשובם של השבויים, החטופים והנעדרים בשלום. בשעה קשה זו, אנו מחזקים את תושבי כל ישראל, כוחות הביטחון וההצלה ומקווים לימים שקטים יותר. שמרו על עצמכם ועצמכן. In light of the recent events, the…
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
What a memorable event, and so great to share with two close colleagues and friends.
@LabConti
conti_lab
2 years
Great honour receiving the 2022 Aminoff Prize with Patrick Cramer and Seth Darst from King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden last week. Photo from KVA, Markus Marcetic. @vetenskapsakad @CramerLab @MPI_Biochem
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
It’s the year of the #PIC : Yeast Pol II pre-initiation complex at 2.9 Å resolution defines a unique mechanism of initial DNA opening. Tour-de-force by @S_Schilb with help from @shintoez & @c_dienemann . Download the paper here:
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Please trust in science and get vaccinated! It works: Last winter old people were vaccinated in Germany and they were protected from #SARSCoV2 in spring ( @rki_de & @DIEZEIT ).
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
#alphafold2 is based on @PDBeurope and is testimony to the power of open science. The marvelous resource provided by @DeepMind and @embl @emblebi is a seminal example of how transformative research may be done to the benefit of society.
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Patrick Cramer
1 year
Although RNA exit path is wrong and many factors are missing, this movie gives a great impression of how RNA polymerase II copies genes to produce mRNA.
@Innov_Medicine
The Innovation | Medicine
1 year
DNA to RNA real-time speed. Gene Transcription at real-time speed. Transcription is the first step in gene expression.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
8 months
Klares statement heute in Dresden:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
One minute of standing ovations after an incredible talk by Özlem Türeci of BioNTech on how mRNA vaccines became possible @Falling_Walls
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Patrick Cramer
2 years
Feels surreal to hold a copy of Galileo Galileis ‚Discorsi‘ from 1655 in hands. One of the treasures of @MPIWG .
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Patrick Cramer
4 years
First structures of viral multisubunit RNA polymerase: complete, core, transcribing, & capping complexes of Vaccinia show how such viruses make capped mRNA. Great collaboration with the lab of Utz Fischer in Würzburg! Free download:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
5 years
Our new structure suggests that DNA opening during transcription initiation involves promoter DNA distortion and closure of the RNA polymerase II clamp
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
B12 was the first structure I saw in 3D when I was a student at the University of Bristol in 1992. I was so taken by its beauty that I moved to crystallography.
@NobelPrize
The Nobel Prize
3 years
#OnThisDay 20 August 1955, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin and her colleagues published the final structure of vitamin B12 which has the most complex structure of all vitamins.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
6 years
Molecular basis of transcription regulation: our new papers elucidate promoter-proximal RNA polymerase II pausing and elongation activation by human DSIF, NELF, PAF, SPT6.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
10 months
If you wonder where I work now in the heart of Munich
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
In 1988, Paul Sigler suggested the CTD binds transcription activators: Now we see that CTD shortening delays transcription activation... ...and this may be due to CTD-dependent Pol II clustering at genes:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
10 months
Yesterday night: so grateful to Martin Stratmann for serving as president @maxplanckpress for 9 years!
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Nuclear condensation of transcription factor NELF drives downregulation of genes upon stress. Great collaboration of Marc Boehning @mpibpc with @rawatravans and Ritwick Sawarkar @mpi_ie @MRC_TU Now online:
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
PAF and SPT6 stimulate human transcription elongation in distinct ways. Whereas PAF subunit RTF1 stimulates Pol II velocity, SPT6 stimulates Pol II passage through nucleosomes. Congratulations Kristina Zumer et al.!
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
Congratulations to @hauke_hillen for receiving the Engelhorn Research Award 2022 tonight in Munich!
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
6 months
Wonderful to receive @ShawPrize with @NogalesLab at Hongkong. Grateful to all past and present coworkers who made this possible. Thank you!
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
4 years
Half a year later: first real space Cramer lab group meeting with distancing.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Pol II can form inactive dimers: the stalk of one Pol II copy binds the active centre cleft of the other Pol II copy, and vice versa. Maybe an inactive storage form of the enzyme? @shintoez @c_dienemann
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
6 years
Our paper on RNA polymerase II clustering through CTD phase separation is now online. Thanks to the Zweckstetter and @XDarzacq labs for the great collaboration!
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Patrick Cramer
11 months
So thankful to all coworkers who contributed over the decades and made this possible. Congratulations to Eva Nogales, a highly valued and distinguished colleague.
@ShawPrize
The Shaw Prize
11 months
The #ShawPrize in #LifeScienceAndMedicine 2023 is awarded in equal shares to Patrick Cramer and Eva Nogales for pioneering structural biology that enabled visualization, at the level of individual atoms, of the protein machines responsible for #genetranscription . #ShawPrize2023
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Patrick Cramer
4 years
Isaac Fianu passed his PhD defense today, many congratulations!
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
After seven exciting years we have to say good-bye to @LucasFarnung . We thank him for all his great contributions @mpi_bpc and wish him all the best as starting assistant professor @HarvardCellBio @harvardmed .
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
A good day for the global scientific community.
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
6 years
Our new review provides a movie of RNA polymerase I transcription that can be used for teaching purposes
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
3 years
Our high-resolution structures of human PIC and Mediator-PIC complexes are published. We define conformational changes underlying DNA opening and suggest how Mediator activates the TFIIH kinase CDK7.
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Now online: Shortening the #CTD of Pol II impairs enhancer transcription and gene activation: This supports a model that CTD is important for Pol II recruitment to active genes by condensation: Grateful to @DarzacqClaire @XDarzacq
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
The polymerase of #coronavirus #SARSCoV2 can adopt an alternative structure: an antiparallel dimer with only one nsp8 that may bind only one nsp13. We speculate the dimer facilitates template switching and synthesis of subgenomic viral #RNA . Manuscript:
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Patrick Cramer
5 years
Our structure of the human TFIIH-XPA-DNA complex is published. The results explain how TFIIH switches from a transcription factor to a DNA repair factor, and represent the first step in a mechanistic analysis of nucleotide excision repair.
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Patrick Cramer
2 years
Explaining gene transcription in German TV in 13 minutes…
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Very grateful to obtain the Hector Science Award. Made possible by many highly dedicated coworkers and the support by mentors, colleagues and collaborators! @mpi_bpc @maxplanckpress @uniGoettingen @GeneCenter_LMU @LMU_Muenchen
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Super Elongation Complex binds RNA polymerase II lobe & protrusion to stimulate transcription allosterically. Comprehensive structure-function analysis by @YingChen_P et al.:
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
We began to collect our structural movies here. We will also upload more talks and other videos of interest. via @YouTube
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Patrick Cramer
4 years
Now published: our method detecting newly synthesized RNA isoforms and monitoring isoform metabolism in cells (nano-ID). Great team effort coordinated by Björn Schwalb @birdumbrella . #nanopore @nanopore @NanoporePapers Paper:
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Patrick Cramer
1 year
High-resolution structure of yeast Pol II PIC-Mediator complex reveals ~half of the C-terminal domain ( #CTD ). Great effort by @S_Schilb @HaiboWang36 @c_dienemann
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
So happy to have a REAL group retreat again! Many people have left and taken positions and many new ones have joined. Great opportunity to rethink our science.
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Patrick Cramer
3 years
Little is known about the biogenesis & nuclear import of RNA polymerases. We now report the structure of the import factor RPAP2 bound to Pol II. It shows RPAP2 must be displaced before transcription can start. Congratulations @isaac_fianu et al.!
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Patrick Cramer
4 years
Explore #coronavirus replication in 3D. Our structural data for the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of #SARSCoV2 in replication mode are now online: PDB: EMDB: Preprint: PR:
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Patrick Cramer
5 years
Congratulations to Edith Heard, Director General of EMBL, who received the Hansen Family Award today for her pioneering work in epigenetics. @Bayer @emblebi @embl @heard_lab
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Patrick Cramer
2 years
Happy we could contribute to this new study from the lab of Jussi Taipale that uses massively parallel reporter assays to unravel sequence determinants for transcription activity and transcription factor function.
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Patrick Cramer
5 months
Congratulations to Ferenc Krausz!
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Patrick Cramer
4 years
Free download of the benchmark paper on Rosalind Franklin and the advent of molecular biology: #franklin100 #WomenInStem #DNA
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@mpgpresident
Patrick Cramer
2 years
My recent keynote “Towards a mechanistic understanding of genome regulation” @MRC_LMB is online:
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