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Physics Today

28 days

NEW in Physics Today’s April issue: Embracing interactive teaching methods; Energy needs of bitcoin and AI; Hidden fluid dynamics of dry salt lakes; and more Plus: The many phases of twisted bilayer graphene

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5 years

Need some idea of scale over how big #EHTBlackHole is? has the answer.

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Katherine Johnson, a mathematician who calculated the trajectories for some of @NASA 's most historic missions, turns 101 years old today

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#OTD 1905, Albert Einstein's final "miracle year" paper was published. In it he demonstrated the equivalence of mass and energy through an equation we know today as E = mc² #histSTM

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Erkcan Özcan wears many hats: Particle physicist at Boğaziçi University in Istanbul. Acting head of Turkey’s Nuclear Energy Research Institute. Cofounder of a lab to manufacture industrial components. Science popularizer on YouTube.

Q&A: Erkcan Özcan becomes a YouTuber

The Turkish physicist helps bolster his country’s industrial research capabilities and, in a relatively new gig, reaches hundreds of thousands of people with his science explainer videos.

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A half-century after her historic detection of pulsars, Jocelyn Bell Burnell is to receive the most financially lucrative prize in science—and she plans to donate the entire sum to support aspiring women and minority physicists

Bell Burnell: Physics star gives away £2.3m prize

One of the UK's leading female scientists donates her £2.3m science prize to help more women, ethnic minority and refugee students to become physics researchers.

www.bbc.co.uk

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4 years

Anti-Blackness is pervasive in academia, and physics is no exception. UC Berkeley physicist @CDBrownII details his experiences with interpersonal and systemic anti-Black racism and lays out actions that can start dismantling it

Commentary: Disentangling anti-Blackness from physics

It’s not enough to try to be nonracist. The physics community needs to act. It can start by hiring, including, and listening to Black scientists.

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Born #OTD 1956 in Decatur, Alabama, Mae Jemison @maejemison is a physician, engineer, and entrepreneur who was the first woman of color to go into space

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The cover of Physics Today's August issue features a portrait of astronomer Maria Mitchell, who was born #OTD 1818. The first US woman to become a professional astronomer, Mitchell gained fame for discovering a comet and promoted science education for women. #histSTM

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Falling dandelion seeds produce a special type of vortex that slows their descent and extends the range of their wind-based travel

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Born #OTD 1977 in Tehran, Iran, mathematician Maryam Mirzakhani was the first woman to win the field’s prestigious Fields Medal

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5 years

"We have seen what we thought was unseeable. We’ve taken a picture of a black hole.” #EHTBlackHole

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#OTD 50 years ago, Jocelyn Bell (later Burnell) discovered a pulsed radio emission that, it was later determined, came from a rapidly rotating neutron star called a pulsar

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6 years

Today is Hendrik Lorentz's birthday. Lorentz received the 1902 Nobel Prize for his explanation of the Zeeman effect and his work on electromagnetism and the behavior of light opened the doors for both the development of quantum theory and relativity.

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6 years

For #DNADay , here is a profile of Rosalind Franklin and her x-ray crystallography work that led to the discovery of DNA's double-helix structure

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Astronomer Vera Rubin, whose measurements of galactic rotation curves confirmed the existence of dark matter, was born #OTD 1928. In 2006 she wrote in Physics Today about how that pivotal work came to be

Seeing dark matter in the Andromeda galaxy

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In a 1794 essay, her first and only publication, Scottish chemist Elizabeth Fulhame postulated the mechanism of catalysis decades before the term was coined and documented metal photoreduction, a process crucial to the development of photography (thread)

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6 years

Born #OTD 1642, Isaac Newton was one of the most important scientists of all time, with groundbreaking work in gravity, optics, calculus, and more

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4 years

The physical sciences community needs to listen to its Black scientists. We asked 14 Black researchers at various career stages to share their stories. (thread)

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4 years

Nobel laureate Philip Anderson has died at age 97. He was a leading theorist in condensed matter and even coined the term. One of the true giants in theoretical physics.

In memoriam: Philip Anderson

Philip Anderson, a theoretical physicist who wrote rules that dictate the strange behavior of condensed matter and lent his deep intuition to problems beyond physics, died on March 29, 2020.

www.santafe.edu

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4 years

A platinum–iridium cylinder in Paris is no longer used to define the kilogram. The new definition, introduced a year ago today, relies on atomic physics #WorldMetrologyDay

An atomic physics perspective on the kilogram’s new definition

A fixed value for Planck’s constant connects the kilogram to frequency measurements.

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6 years

Born #OTD 1912 in London, Alan Turing was a mathematician and cryptographer and a pioneer in computer science and artificial intelligence

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4 years

World’s physics instruments turn their focus to COVID-19 #physics

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#OTD 1917, Albert Einstein presented a paper that applied general relativity to the universe—and introduced the cosmological constant #histSTM

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Born #OTD 1928 in Philadelphia, Vera Rubin was an astronomer whose study of galaxy rotation rates confirmed the existence of dark matter

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1 year

Physicist John Wheeler boarded an overnight train from Philadelphia to Washington, DC, #OTD 70 years ago—and proceeded to lose a six-page classified document containing the secret of the hydrogen bomb. Article (from 2019) by @wellerstein 🧵

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#OTD 1905, Annalen der Physik published a paper by Albert Einstein that proposed the mass-energy equivalence of bodies at rest, which we now know by the equation E = mc²

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6 years

Future telescopes might be able to detect seasonal changes in the oxygen concentration of an exoplanet's atmosphere that are due to life

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6 years

Born #OTD 1826, Bernhard Riemann was a German mathematician whose work generalizing and formalizing differential geometry was essential to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity #histSTM

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3 years

Happy #BlackHoleWeek ! Back in 1971, John Wheeler, who is credited with popularizing the term "black hole," and Remo Ruffini provided this introduction to black holes:

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Richard Feynman, Nobel Prize–winning theoretical physicist and influential science communicator, was born #OTD 1918 in New York City

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The pioneer of quantum theory Max Planck was born #OTD 1858 in Kiel, Germany #histSTM

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Rosalind Franklin, an x-ray crystallographer who made essential contributions toward determining the structure of DNA, was born #OTD 1920 in London

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Japanese scientist Masatoshi Koshiba, a co-winner of the 2002 #NobelPrizePhysics for his pioneering contribution in the field of astrophysics, has died, the University of Tokyo said Friday. He was 94.

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2 years

From the #Astro2020 decadal survey: Check out how the % of first-time PIs getting @NASAHubble observing time has increased since the adoption of dual-anonymous proposal review Source: @rachelosten / @stsci

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Born #OTD 100 years ago in New York City, Richard Feynman was a theoretical physicist who shared the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on quantum electrodynamics #Feynman100

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6 years

What separates the perfect croissant from a dense, crumbly, soulless pastry? The rheological properties of the fat that's layered with the dough

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Born #OTD 1894 in India, theoretical physicist Satyendra Bose made major contributions to quantum mechanics (think bosons, Bose–Einstein condensates, and more)

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9 years

From the parking lot at APL #PlutoFlyby — at Applied Physics Laboratory. (Thanks to Teasel for spotting this). http://t.co/QExSt2ZfYX

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4 years

Hundreds of physicists and other academics are pledging to forgo business as usual on Wednesday to #Strike4BlackLives . It's a day "to give Black academics a break and to give others an opportunity to reflect on their own complicity in anti-Black racism"

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STEM scholars worldwide express solidarity with Iranian protesters

“Women, life, freedom” has been chanted for weeks in the streets of Iran.

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Before there was arXiv, there was Joanne Cohn. As a postdoc in the late 1980s, she started an informal exchange of string theory manuscripts that eventually became the physics preprint server

Joanne Cohn and the email list that led to arXiv

A strong sense of community led an early-career string theorist to share preprints in a scientifically competitive environment.

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3 years

Gallium is one of five metals that are liquid near room temperature. @DickeyGroupNCSU shows that liquid Ga holds its 3D-printed shape because a shell-like surface oxide layer forms in air.

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#OTD 1967, Jocelyn Bell made the first detection of a radio pulsar at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory near Cambridge, UK (Photo credit: AIP ESVA)

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Katherine Johnson, a mathematician who calculated orbital trajectories for some of @NASA 's most famous missions, was born #OTD 1918. Credit: NASA

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4 years

To support global research during the pandemic, Physics Today is making its entire 72-year archive freely available to readers who register on the Scitation platform. See our homepage for details:

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4 years

New in the May issue of Physics Today: The physics labs focused on the novel coronavirus, detecting cosmic neutrinos with radar, redefining the kilogram, teaching science in prisons, and more

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Yes, today is #NationalCroissantDay . And yes, there’s a Physics Today article for that: The fat in a perfect croissant

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Albert Einstein was born #OTD 1879. Here are a few of the many articles about #Einstein that have appeared in Physics Today: 📷 ETH Library, public domain

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Statistical mechanics meets music theory

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Bose–Einstein condensation in space

Ultracold rubidium atoms in microgravity exhibit both predicted and unexpected behaviors.

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Nobel Prize in Physics honors research on climate, glass, and other complex systems

Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi enriched our understanding of complex systems with models of Earth’s climate and disordered phenomena.

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8 years

In 1943 the @FBI had John Trump, @realDonaldTrump ’s uncle, investigate Nikola Tesla’s files

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Chemist and x-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin, whose work was essential for determining the structure of DNA, was born #OTD 100 years ago

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A pair of ultrasensitive @LIGO interferometers detected gravitational waves from two merging black holes #OTD 2015, marking the dawn of gravitational-wave astronomy

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Congratulations to Karen Uhlenbeck, the 2019 winner of the prestigious Abel Prize for mathematics She is the first woman to win the award. And her work has had a big impact on physics

Soap-bubble pioneer is first woman to win prestigious maths prize

Nature - Abel-prize winner Karen Keskulla Uhlenbeck built bridges between analysis, geometry and physics.

www.nature.com

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3 years

And here's the press release: g-factor: 2.00233184122(82) anomalous magnetic moment: 0.00116592061(41) The combined results from Fermilab and Brookhaven show a difference with theory at a significance of 4.2 sigma

First results from Fermilab’s Muon g-2 experiment strengthen evidence of new physics

The first results from the Muon g-2 experiment hosted at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory show fundamental particles called muons behaving in a way not predicted by the Standard Model of...

news.fnal.gov

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Starting shortly: Press conference on the new Muon g-2 results! Watch live: #gminus2

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Introducing the “doodle summary”: a way to make scientific research accessible to the public without glossing over the effort that goes into the work. @ClaireLamman demonstrates her innovative new #scicomm tool on the 1998 Riess et al dark energy paper.

Translating scientific papers for the public

Eager to make your research accessible to a general audience without glossing over all the effort that has gone into your work? Try creating “doodle summaries” of your papers.

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Murray Gell-Mann, Nobel Prize–winning particle theorist and cofounder of @sfiscience , has died at age 89. He is best known for the quark model, but he's also responsible for introducing SU(3) symmetry, strangeness, and more.

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Sidney Coleman (1937–2007) was a giant of theoretical physics and a legendary teacher. Thanks to @harvardphysics , you can watch Coleman's lectures on quantum field theory

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When two graphene sheets are overlaid and misaligned by a mere degree, the two-layer stack becomes a superconductor

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Nikola Tesla, a man of his time #physics

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NEW in Physics Today's July issue: Constructing the world's largest cryogenic particle detector; Thermodynamics of Earth's climate; The importance of solving the quantum measurement problem; and more Plus: Whatever happened to cellulosic ethanol?

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3 years

Scientists at the @Livermore_Lab National Ignition Facility say they have produced a fusion reaction that yielded more energy than was absorbed by the fuel to initiate it [thread]

Lawrence Livermore claims a milestone in laser fusion

A tiny pellet of deuterium and tritium released more energy than it absorbed from the National Ignition Facility’s bank of 192 lasers.

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Born #OTD 1916 in Michigan, mathematical engineer Claude Shannon founded classical information theory and laid the groundwork for modern computers and telecommunications

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A single-atom heat engine #physics

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OTD 1942, actress Hedy Lamarr and composer George Antheil received a US patent for a radio frequency hopping device

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Strickland is the first woman in 55 years, and only the third ever, to be awarded the physics prize #NobelPrize #WomenInSTEM

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Arthur Ashkin, Gérard Mourou, and Donna Strickland share the 2018 @NobelPrize in Physics “for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics”

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Born #OTD 1900 in Vienna, Austria, Wolfgang Pauli was a quantum mechanics pioneer who proposed both the exclusion principle and the existence of the neutrino

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NEW in Physics Today's August issue: Quantum technologies; Tapping tidal energy; Hidden storms on Uranus; and more Plus: The future of the ITER fusion project

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Born OTD 1887, quantum physics pioneer Erwin Schrödinger

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Theoretical physicist Abdus Salam, who codeveloped electroweak theory, founded @ictpnews , and was the first Muslim scientist to receive a Nobel Prize, was born #OTD 1926

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Why physicists should study history: A historical perspective can help physicists equip themselves for the actual collaborative world, not the idealized solitary one that has never existed

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Meet the organizers of #BlackInPhysics Week

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Freeman Dyson, one of the most renowned interdisciplinary physicists of our time, has died. A selection of some of his writings for @PhysicsToday can be found on the link below (photo credit: IAS, Princeton).

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Born #OTD 1936 in Paoli, Indiana, Margaret Hamilton is a computer scientist and entrepreneur who led the flight software programming team for NASA’s Apollo missions to the Moon

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Born on this day in 1879 in Ulm, Germany: some physicist named Albert Einstein

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By plotting the number of grant proposals submitted as a function of time, an @NSF program director derived a "universal law of procrastination"

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Stephen Hawking’s 1966 PhD thesis, “Properties of expanding universes," is now freely available to read and download

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Margaret Burbidge has died at age 100. A leading astronomer of the 20th century, she was a pioneer in stellar nucleosynthesis and a powerful advocate for women in science

E. Margaret Burbidge, Astronomer Who Blazed Trails on Earth, Dies at 100 (Published 2020)

She was denied access to a telescope because of her sex, but Dr. Burbidge forged ahead anyway, going on to make pathbreaking discoveries about the cosmos.

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The ATLAS collaboration at the LHC has announced a 3.2-sigma signal for a rare Higgs boson decay to dilepton and photon via a virtual photon and photon pair (H → γ*γ → ℓℓγ)

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Curious about all the elements of a #quantum computer? Our interactive article covers everything from qubit hardware to user interface.

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#OTD 1977, NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft launched aboard a Titan IIIE rocket from Cape Canaveral in Florida. Its sister probe, Voyager 1, was launched 16 days later. Voyager 2 explored the solar system's four gas giants; it is the only probe to fly by Uranus and Neptune #histSTM

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Commentary: Disentangling anti-Blackness from physics

It’s not enough to try to be nonracist. The physics community needs to act. It can start by hiring, including, and listening to Black scientists.

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Born #OTD 1933 in Birmingham, Alabama, Annie Easley was an African American computer scientist who helped NASA make important strides in rocket propulsion and battery technology

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"Tiny atmospheric particle" instead of "aerosol" "Upward trend" rather than "positive trend" To communicate climate science to the public, consider simpler substitutes for scientific terms, @ClimateComms & Richard Somerville wrote in 2011 #COP26

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An atomic physics perspective on the kilogram’s new definition #physics

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Mary Somerville, born #OTD 1780, was a Scottish mathematician, scientist, and author who shaped the way we think about science

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W-boson mass hints at physics beyond the standard model

Nearly a decade of collisions and a decade of analysis together yield the fundamental particle’s mass with the highest precision to date.

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Our June issue is out now! In honor of the issue's special focus on biophysics, the cover features a micrograph of a mammal's intestines. The intestine's inner surface renews itself every three to five days as cells migrate from the bottom to the top.

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Born OTD 1892, Louis de Broglie proposed in his PhD thesis the revolutionary idea that all particles behave like waves at the quantum level

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Counting down the last 10 days of 2020 with the 10 most popular pieces we published this year! No 10 - "Does new physics lurk inside living matter?" by Paul Davies @Beyond_ASU

Does new physics lurk inside living matter?

The link between information and physics has been implicit since James Clerk Maxwell introduced his famous demon. Information is now emerging as a key conc

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Richard Feynman's high school didn't have a course on calculus. So Feynman decided to teach it to himself #Feynman100

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Born #OTD 1564, an astronomer and physicist named Galileo

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Born #OTD 1934 in Brooklyn, New York, astronomer and science popularizer Carl Sagan Bonus tidbit: Bulletin from Oct 1979 PT announcing production of some show called Cosmos

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Astrophysics and particle physics may get most of the press attention, but the largest field of physics, by far, is condensed matter. Here's the story of cond-mat's emergence after WWII

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Nobel Prize in Physics honors research on climate, glass, and other complex systems

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Scientists discovered something special when they misaligned two sheets of graphene by just over 1 degree: the two-layer stack became a superconductor

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#OTD 1964, the first computer program written in BASIC, a language invented by Thomas Kurtz (left) and John Kemeny, was run at Dartmouth College (Credit: Dartmouth)

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Twenty years ago, theoretical physicist Susan Coppersmith was told that she was “wasting her time and that quantum computing would never work." But advances have led to a gradual shift in attitudes

Quantum computing ramps up in private sector

Ridicule has given way to high hopes.

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Kathleen Lonsdale, a pioneering crystallographer who pinned down the structure of benzene compounds, was born #OTD in 1903 in Newbridge, Ireland. She was the first woman physicist elected as a fellow to the Royal Society of London

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Born #OTD 1736, French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb devised a famous law that describes the electric force between charged objects. The SI unit of electrical charge is called the coulomb in his honor #histSTM

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