Starting point game examples with a description of affordances and their relation with skill.
@markstkhlm
@JimiVaughan
@aksumfootball
are great assets to learn more about these concepts in football.
Norwich phase coach
@Scotty_Allison
takes the Under-10s through a series of practices with a shared theme of counter-attacking.
The first practice is a set working pattern... 🟡🟢
#NCFC
Consider it..not having to do any isolated drills, passing patterns, or tactical walk throughs with youth players at training is such an awesome thing. Seriously, you don’t have to do that stuff at training and the players will improve. The question is, what to do instead? A 🧵
As a novice in this space I myself am "wayfinding". This graphic is a work in progress which attempts to connect some ideas I have found meaningful in the continuous process to become a better coach/environmental designer/person. Aim to "Illuminate the lamps" of their hearts.
Create activities that are alive, messy, and where there are problems set for the players to solve.
This example is a 3v3 from starting points.
The players are positioned in a way that starts the possession team in a potentially unstable situation near their goals..🧵
A constrained (simplified) game that includes the key perceptual elements that exist within the game environment. Ball, opponent, scoring, direction, consequence, & representative information (a scale). Games that include these elements don’t have to look exactly like a match-
Skilled Intentionality examples from Marco Verratti, the wizard. He shows regular patterns of value-directedness that include the detection of multiple simultaneous affordances, and skillful deceptive selection between them.
Love this goal from the U12s I have been coaching.
How many coaches / game models are demanding players here to “switch the point of attack”
Or…
“Spread out”
See the first interaction from our player (in white) after he won the ball back…
Walk more.
In our culture, hard work is demanded. Run, and put in a “shift”. Soccer, viewed as a job with performance & positional “responsibilities”.
An individualized, neo-liberalist society riddled with selection pressures will lead to “work” in the form of excess running.
A constraint led approach informs us how skills emerge.
3 interacting variables- the individual, the task, & the environment.
Eco-psych informs us the how when moving intentionally, perception-action are an inseparable process, a part of the individual-environment system. 1/
Starting point game examples with a description of affordances and their relation with skill.
@markstkhlm
@JimiVaughan
@aksumfootball
are great assets to learn more about these concepts in football.
What is technique? Better yet, what is skill? 🤔 Is there a big reason to fragment these concepts? No. Skill is a relationship, a “fit” in our environments that have/are shaping us. Its self organization-formation-interrelatedness. Session design: what the players relating with.
@Lee_Nicholas1
I’ve only seen the video in the tweet. Which is a fitness & obedience exercise lacking freedom, decision making, representativeness, and joy. Someone could make the argument it’s okay because they are a pro academy, and I’d disagree still. Many youth coaches learn from CV.
Constrained games: Games that simplify, without deconstructing. Repetitions that are never quite same. Looks like the game, feels like the game, and in the example below inspired by the work
@markstkhlm
you have a game of “reps” that highlights a representative affordance-
Attempting a podcast.
Soccer Sense Making.
Challenging norms.
First episode, we chat about “The Thirds” and the second we dig a little more into “game models” and how they are commonly utilized.
Lately it’s becoming clearer to me that the processes of talent identification, and resulting organization within youth sport for the majority of children within systems like the US are inadequate and delusional.
A thread🪡
Sergio Busquets beautifully displays “markers” of Skilled Intentionality- which is a way of grasping what creativity is. This video is another go at shining light on displays of skilled intentions. To learn more see the work of
@JimiVaughan
and colleagues (links in next tweet)
Watching this
@ciper_fmh
chat again and this clip shows a Keith David’s moment that really stood out to me. Highlights- Teaching vs learning, knowledge about vs knowledge of, problem solving, & perceiving relevant information & affordances to regulate action. 1/2
"the training in which many of us coaches in youth sport are convinced is building the foundation for skilled behavior is, in fact, doing so. But the foundation is actually very brittle when it tries to adapt to the winds from the storm of the game."
With all the debate on passing against the wall thought I’d share. 🌎 A child exploring their environment, kicking against walls in a self-guided quest is a beautiful thing. 🤖 Being forced to by a coach, “for their own good” or because they “need reps with their left” is 🧵 1/6
"the training in which many of us coaches in youth sport are convinced is building the foundation for skilled behavior is, in fact, doing so. But the foundation is actually very brittle when it tries to adapt to the winds from the storm of the game."
Design with the principles- Can you play through, around, or over? Can you prevent the opponent from playing through, around or over? Co-create a scoring system with the players, co-create the game with the players. Session brought to you by our 4 year old assistant coach 😂
📝
An example of bad coaching IMO is when we demand players to play “quicker” when they are on the ball.
It’s even worse when (often the case) the coach is not attuned to the unfolding opportunities in the game at said moment.
Foster functionality, not blind “quickness”.
What youth footy players don’t need: required “zones” or places to stand with predetermined “soccer actions”. This stuff is coach centered, top down jargon that is limiting the practice of exploratory behavior required to learn/solve problems. Children are not mini adults 🔈
Some frustrations: 1. The rampant professionalization of youth players. 2. The cyclical emergence of “the next big breakthrough” for developing elite athletes. 3. The seemingly impenetrable # of academies rotten with top down player control “systems”.
It’s exhausting.
Some simple practice task ideas for anyone interested.
The objective is for the players to learn to couple their action to relevant information.
The scale of analysis is the player-environment-union.
Observe this relationship, and design/adapt activities toward enhancing it.
Friday Share: A couple of fun warm-up ideas. Inspired by
@AustinJochum
. Blockers with hands behind their back in both. 1 game of nondirectional cat and mouse, and the other with a ball and direction (toward endzone). Some interesting coordinative behaviors. Lots to build on!
Great paper. “What an athlete is attempting to coordinate is not just a motor response, but a functional behavioral unit, organized to fit the dynamical needs of their world.” Thanks
@TylerYearby
@MovementMiyagi
& Keith Davids.
Skill: Is not knowledge or competence in an individual. Skill is witnessed as a relationship between an individual and it’s environment. Key to this distinction is that knowledge is IN that relationship, “knowledge of” the environment (Gibson). It’s not just IN an individual.
Advice from “pracademics” of how to apply ecological dynamics theory to practice design. 1 of many great tips ➡️ ‘observe to design, design to observe’. thank you
@skillacq
and colleagues.
Skilled intentionality example: Simultaneous detection and deceptive selection amongst multiple nested and nesting affordances. Juggling intentions to play around, over, or through individually or shared. Here’s a go at depicting it in action👇
A thread with thoughts on coaching
For me it is the question of information in Gibson’s sense.
What information is available within the individual-environment system? Will that information, which forms a relationship, be available in future settings? Consistency in this
🧵 1️⃣
Effective coach learning happens amidst the active & direct process of keenly observing their (coach&players) environment. Exploring for / discovering opportunities to adapt constraints that shape the explorative-learning process of both the players & themselves. Some ideas⬇️ 1/2
Wonderfully thought provoking presentation from
@CarlWoods25
at
#SMSC23
Some takeaways:
We are casting lines, exploring interconnectivity, temporarily binding in difference as we are in-becoming… learning truth beyond objectification.
Knowing is ecological.
We see the world not by its exact physical properties, we see it based on what the properties afford us- What they invite to/from us, not as scientifically exact “action neutral properties”. In sports the landscape of affordances (invitations) are constrained by interrelated
Fear and humiliation, the secret sauce of unskilled coaches looking for a cheap substitute for motivation. This stifles creativity, removes safety & harms. It may give a hurting coach the illusion that they finally have the control they yearn for. This is common in the NCAA.
“The supremacy of the game-model’s artificial tempos over the organic rhythms of the players is in-keeping with the modern world’s attitude towards nature and its cycles. When once humanity adapted to nature, we now demand that nature adapts to us”
@stirling_j
🧵🧵 A lot of talk about individual development lately. A team is made up of individuals so we need to train individuals. This is often used as a reason to train individuals separate from the game to work on things individually. This seems pretty straight forward, but consider-
I wonder how much of my life I’ve spent sitting at red lights...? oh and those lights without sensors. How obedient am I to just sit there wasting away knowing I’m the only car around? Tf
Really enjoyed the
@UnitedCoaches
convention
#PHL23
. Was happy to make some new friends and have some thoughtful conversations. I think we are heading in the right direction after hearing more than ever about how people learn, child’s rights, and child centered coaching. 👏👏
2v2 to endzones - can you play round, through, over the opponent. Starting points provide repetition without repetition in a representative learning environment. Their version- Teams alternate roles every 7 tries until a team reaches 5 points and wins.
There. That’s THE mindset.
Nine years old boy showing how it’s done and how it works.
Proof of work.
The positive changes, improvements, growth you want to see happen in you, you must make them to happen in you, to you, by you, FROM you.
What does it take? Is there a path?
Of
Skilled Intentionality
Interacting with a shared affordance with the opponent's full-back- brought about another, nested affordance that Busqi deceptively selected. This requires flexible juggling of opportunities. This is why practicing pre-determined solutions fails skill.
They weren’t many better than Sergio Busquets for disguising passes
This is my favourite as he’s absolutely sold the full-back!!
How often do you coach disguise when passing and receiving?
Moments of tag. Cat and mouse cleverness only possible because of a flexible adaptiveness to what’s unfolding around you. The creative moments in dynamic games are free and responsive. Laying out traps, finding opportunity, and discovering intentions in the current future.
Closed bodyshape, no half turn, no turning into space while receiving...but yet, that forward-facing control was key to draw press and gain progression.
Awareness & Intentionality > pre determined dogmas
“ecological dynamics approach in coach education would address the problem of coaches, like athletes, becoming adapted to a specific environment, rather than developing adaptiveness needed for engaging in continuous exploration in enhancing their knowledge of performance env-“
“In traditional drills the focus is on repeating a solution until it becomes “automatic”. What is actually happening is that the players are becoming “static” in the context on the game” Instead.. consider “designing representative environments that promote exploration”
"the training in which many of us coaches in youth sport are convinced is building the foundation for skilled behavior is, in fact, doing so. But the foundation is actually very brittle when it tries to adapt to the winds from the storm of the game."
So many youth coaches yell out things like.. “get in your starting positions!”
and what they really mean is…
“Get to where I told you to go because it’s in my game model which I use as a filter to understand what is right and I’m uncomfortable with being wrong!”
Any public forums around for those interested in topics like nonlinear pedagogy? Something like or similar to a Reddit community, for coaches to pose questions and discuss various academic & practical topics without all the mess. I will make one if there is not.
🔼 Players organizing in triangulation is not them applying an abstract 2D triangle to reality.
Triangulation flexible “property” that spontaneously emerges from interactions.
Varying formulations of angles and distances “emergently”by players acting upon perceived affordances.
there is intelligence built into nature. Players are not empty vessels to fill with smarter peoples memories. They, like so much of nature, move intentionally, intelligently, in self-organized expression adapting to achieve something.
This was awesome
@mljanderson
- As the episode goes on, there is a lot to grapple with. From a motor control & sports practitioners POV, what are players coordinating with in the environments they experience- ask and reflect.
School focuses on well-run classrooms, not creativity, curiosity, or problem-solving.
It ends up giving kids ideas on what success looks like that conflict with their natural development as driven lifelong learners.
Visual perception in soccer: sometimes you hear the phrase “know what you’re going to do before you get the ball” this is limited. Instead, players need to “Effectively control their gaze to gather information” (Gray).
Great article about Benfica’s academy. “They (the players) have to read the game: they have to adapt, they have to decide for themselves. So we help build the path, but the path is then built from the players.”
In a comparative analysis in soccer training exercises varying in levels of decision making - "High DM (Decision making) tasks were the only ones that promoted more clear improvements in the players’ performance." compared to the activities with low and moderate DM.
As a novice in this space I myself am "wayfinding". This graphic is a work in progress which attempts to connect some ideas I have found meaningful in the continuous process to become a better coach/environmental designer/person. Aim to "Illuminate the lamps" of their hearts.
Excited for the opportunity to be the Director of technical training, along with Zone 1 - excited to redefine “Technical training” towards functional and adaptive skill learning.
Coaches
We need to understand the difference between “knowledge about” soccer in form of verbal and symbolic expressions of tactics, systems, & principles that coaches use to communicate.
and
“Knowledge of” soccer. How, why, & what athletes use to perceive & move.
Short🧵
Loved this chat. We start with session design, and delve into affordances, socio-cultural-political constraints, game models, team coordination, tactical & physical periodization, and more. Also can listen here
With
@JulianAzKhalili
and other friends we had the chance discussing the topic of session design in the game of soccer. We talked about the nature of team sports and the different behaviors in coaching, also. Give it a listen!
LINK:
Passing patterns are usually too limited an activity. There is no freedom for people to scan, choose & coordinate around what’s important. There is usually nothing to choose from.. just execute the pattern like instructed. Is that skill? 1/8 🧵
Not something I always encompass but tomorrow I will be using a passing pattern to encourage movement off the ball.
Passing patterns are always a hot topic.
What are everyone's thoughts?
1. Constrained games: Applying a representative learning design with a nonlinear pedagogy- we allow for skills to emerge at their own pace. These are simplified games that include the key variables of soccer game context. We set problems for players to solve, and we let them play
Instead of viewing player “actions” through a lens scoping for an ideal technique void of functionality try to instead look for functional “interactions”.
Heading to the
@UnitedCoaches
convention tomorrow and after looking through the schedule I have made a top 6️⃣must attend list. (In no specific order) 1️⃣
@stu_arm
“Coaching Isn't Fun Anymore
- Building a Countercultural Movement of Child Centered
Coaches” Thur, 11am. 🧵 1/5
Deceleration Training Is Not Helping Your Athletes
Give Your Athletes A Reason To Stop
And They’ll Stop
If You Had To Regress To Get There
It’s Not Progress
"Being Water"
🌊
"Classical forms dull your creativity, condition and freeze your sense of freedom. You no longer ‘be,’ but merely ‘do’ without sensitivity (Lee, 1975, p. 22)."
❔💡
"Instead, learning designers could harness ideas of direct learning in ecological psychology"
1/2
If you want to master any craft, read this:
The 4 Stages of Competence model was created by Matthew Broadwell in 1969.
It says we progress through stages when moving from total novice to expert at a given craft.
The stages are as follows:
1. Unconscious Incompetence
At this
Can you play through, around, or over?(
@JimiVaughan
@markstkhlm
)
It’s deep.
Amongst these, there are metastable regions of affordances. (
@bigpicsoccer
)
In the clip toward the end, watch how the opponent closes “through”.. which opens opportunity for “around”.
It’s far too common that children believe they are “too good” to play with their peers, and would rather ‘train’ alone instead of play and express themselves. When our systems separate children and tell some they are worth more than others, what do you-🧵
When coaches talk about what is important for young players, they often talk about fundamentals. In a podcast episode we recorded with
@markstkhlm
, he raised the problem with that approach.
Listen to the full episode here:
Think he learned to play & express himself in a coach centered environment surrounded by early developers? W/ coaches using tactically periodized sessions while under pressure to win league/tournament games at 8-12? Are we making room for creativity more than we are killing it?
If people block you when you ask them questions, and those people are trying to sell you content & programs to employ upon infants suggesting they have the formula for making “elite athletes”..these are strong indicators they don’t have children in their best interest.