1/ Polygon 2.0 is a concrete vision to build the Value Layer of the Internet, and expand Ethereum to Internet-scale.
It is a series of proposals for unlimited scalability & unified liquidity.
Why is this such a big deal? 🧵
1/ Our vision for Polygon is simple: to build the Value Layer of the Internet.
The Internet allows anyone to create and exchange information. The Value Layer allows anyone to create, exchange, and program value.
Enter Polygon 2.0: a blueprint to build the ultimate Value Layer.
Now that Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta is live, it's time to follow the journey in all its twists and turns. Expect to hear more about the nitty-gritty details of this ongoing adventure, starting with this update:
One day until the launch of Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta.
One day until the journey to the frontier of Web3 begins.
One. Day.
Ready? Sign up for zkDay 2.0 to celebrate the launch, featuring special guests 👀
Meet you at the horizon.
Closing thoughts from
@VitalikButerin
on the launch of Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta:
“I’m happy to see Ethereum Layer 2 scaling becoming fully real, and not just something that’s theoretical with these backdoors you’re not supposed to talk about.”
The next upgrade for Polygon zkEVM will, effectively, make the network a Type 2 ZK-EVM. What does that mean for developers? It means that you can deploy your code on Polygon zkEVM exactly as it is on Ethereum—just copy-paste and go, no modifications necessary.
The 10-day…
Polygon’s ZK teams are taking a moment to reflect on our core mission: Scaling Ethereum.
Without Ethereum, there would be no Polygon. All of our ZK tech is being built by and for the Ethereum community. That’s where we started, and where we’ll end up.
Scaling Ethereum means scaling the entire Ethereum ecosystem, infrastructure and all.
Now that Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta has been live for a month+, a SURGE of solution providers across 8 categories are deployed on Polygon zkEVM.
Let’s break it down:
For proof generation, MidenVM uses the RPO hash function. Though traditional hash functions like BLAKE3 are very fast, they are not optimal for use inside zero-knowledge proof systems. For efficient recursive proof generation, you need a ZK-friendly hash function.
But why use…
The bug bounty for Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta includes up to $1,000,000 for any white hats that find critical bugs in the smart contracts or blockchain
For more on the scope, eligibility, and what makes pricing bugs hard in ZK rollups, check 👇🏽
The Miden Compiler is being developed at Polygon Miden so that the rollup can support smart contracts written in Rust and possibly other developer friendly languages in the future.
It can be useful in two ways:
-As a compiler backend for existing languages that wish to target…
Transaction fee calculations on Polygon zkEVM are changing.
Today, effectiveGasPrice was enabled on Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta.
The new mechanism uses the amount of execution in any given transaction and data availability to provide users with transaction fees that are more…
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta launched earlier this year with a set of security features.
@VitalikButerin
, here at
@EDCON2023
, describes such features as “training wheels” on the road to trustlessness.
A quick update, refresher, and timeline to removing some training wheels
It’s Friday, and no better day to dive deep into Polygon zkEVM’s architecture, exploring each nook and cranny, every circuit and state machine.
Check out the technical docs for the 60k ft view + the microscopic inner workings:
As we like to say, without Ethereum, there would be no Polygon. Our ZK teams are directing all of their efforts towards scaling Ethereum.
But what exactly does it mean to scale Ethereum with an L2 solution such as Polygon zkEVM? It means creating an execution layer.
Polygon Miden is a ZK rollup with configurable privacy and concurrency.
Designing for these features contained the seed of another problem: State bloat would inevitably limit network performance.
Read how Miden solves for the endemic blockchain problem:
To be EVM-equivalent or not to be: that is a fundamental design question ZK L2 teams have had to address when building zkEVMs.
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta IS EVM-equivalent.
But what does that mean, and why is it important? 👇🏾
In April, the daily avg gas on Polygon
#zkEVM
was 7X cheaper than Ethereum Mainnet, even during periods of peak network activity.
Want to know which growth metrics were +300% this month?
Follow the thread👇🏽
Polygon Miden is the novel ZK rollup designed to extend the EVM’s feature-set.
On Miden, users can generate their own state transitions, giving the network privacy and throughput upgrades not achievable by rollups designed for EVM compatibility.
For an update on progress to…
Bridge to Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta in THREE easy steps.
Try the bridge today to experience the next evolution of scaling tech, at your fingertips 🫴🏽🌉
More:
How is Web Assembly used at Polygon Miden?
Some say it's “a new development paradigm for the web”. Let’s see how Polygon Miden leverages Web Assembly for its two main benefits: portability and flexibility.
Portability
The Miden VM is written entirely in Rust and can be compiled…
Introducing the new, Sepolia-anchored testnet for Polygon PoS - Amoy testnet.
Based on community feedback, Amoy has been launched as a low-stakes environment to build, test, and break things. Here's why.
The Mumbai testnet for Polygon PoS depends on Ethereum’s Goerli as the…
What happens when a transaction is submitted on Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta?
At a high level:
1⃣ A transaction is sequenced into a batch w/ other transactions;
2⃣ Data of the batch is broadcast to L2 nodes
3⃣ Data of the batch is made available to Ethereum; and then
The [ ] Machine
Polygon zkEVM represents the limitless possibilities that zero-knowledge solutions provide for builders & end users.
See the Web3 leaders that are
#PolygonzkEVM
bound, unlocking the potential of Ethereum’s infinite scaling machine:
Polygon zkEVM: Now with more throughput and less latency. But how?
Recursion makes proofs smaller. Aggregation makes them correct. Batches of proofs are also 150% larger.
Next month, Mainnet Beta for Polygon zkEVM arrives—a silver bullet for Ethereum scaling.
The first functional, EVM-equivalent ZK rollup is almost here.
Dragonfruit Upgrade: successful
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta upgrade + bridge operations have completed successfully. System resumes full activity.
Devs, the list of EVM networks that support PUSH0 opcode:
1) Ethereum
2) Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
Dragonfruit upgrade: Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
Date: Wed, 20th Sept 2023
Time: 7:30AM UTC / 09:30AM CEST
Duration: ~2 hours
Once Dragon Fruit is implemented, Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta will be up to date with the latest version of Solidity, maintaining the rollup’s equivalence…
Last month, 100k users bridged, swapped, & managed their assets with the all-in-one Polygon Wallet Suite 🔌
This month, it’s coming to Polygon zkEVM for the launch of Mainnet Beta
For a rundown on functionality & what else is coming to Polygon zkEVM 👇🏽
What are the three main components that make Polygon
#zkEVM
work?
There is:
the Trusted Sequencer
the Trusted Aggregator; and
the consensus contract (PolygonZkEVM.sol)
A brief 🧵
Yesterday, Polygon zkEVM’s first upgrade went live on mainnet, bringing PUSH0 to Ethereum L2s.
To use the Dragon Fruit upgrade, devs will need to update to the latest node, prover, and bridge service.
You can find the GitHub repos here:
Every component of Polygon zkEVM (including the prover) has been audited—and those audit reports are available on GitHub.
How else could you DYOR?
Read the findings from
@spearbitDAO
’s security audit 👇🏽
Over four months, Polygon
#zkEVM
had two external audits and one internal audit, performed by 26 researchers, of ALL 35 components
We want to set the standard for audits and disclosure in ZK rollups
Today,
@hexensio
’s report is public. More next week👀
📢 Calling all builders who want to deploy their dApps on zkEVM.
Join our weekly AMA’s and have the opportunity to understand ⤵️
✅ Different stages of verified proofs
✅ Tips for an easy deployment
✅ Understand the zkEVM path to decentralization
🗓️
Next week, there will be an audit-upgraded testnet for Polygon
#zkEVM
. The coming testnet will feature:
🗂️Support for Etherscan
𝒇 FFLONK
For more on the upgrades and an update on finality time, click 👇🏼
Polygon Miden uses recursive verification and aggregation to improve execution efficiency and overall throughput.
For the Miden rollup, which is powered by the Miden VM, implementing recursive proof verification has to account for features not found in other ZK rollups,…
Polygon Miden extends Ethereum's feature set to allow for novel applications.
So how do transactions work?
It’s like putting a $5 bill in a lockbox. The right recipient collects the bill later.
For more on Polygon Miden’s transaction model 👇🏽
The first public testnet for Polygon
#zkEVM
has been deprecated. This is the post-mortem:
• 86,142 txs verified
• +20,000 wallet addresses
The final public testnet is now up and running.
Polygon zkEVM testnet is dead. Long live Polygon zkEVM.
UPCOMING: NETWORK REHASHING
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta Network Rehashing + Bridge L2 resync is scheduled for the coming week.
Note: This does not impact the state of the network or any past transactions or any L1 information.
Date: Mon, Sept 18
Time: 10:30 AM CEST / 08:30 AM…
Security is Polygon Labs’ highest priority. With Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta coming soon, it’s crucial the Ethereum community understands the guardrails that will be in place.
Read about Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta’s two-stage approach to security here:
Developers building with Polygon CDK will soon be able to choose from multiple EVM clients for their chain: cdk-erigon will be the second high-performance execution client for Polygon CDK.
With cdk-erigon, the ultra-fast, memory-optimized Erigon node is coming to zero-knowledge…
Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta is for you 💜
To: The user
From: The Polygon Hermez team and co-founder
@jbaylina
, whose long list of contributions to ZK-tech just got a little bit longer
After auditing Polygon
#zkEVM
,
@ethchris
(creator of
#solidity
) is now working on a PIL- and zkASM-based project that will allow developers to create zkCircuits in Rust.
Take a look:
DeFi on Polygon zkEVM is growing. And more is coming. More transactions, more users, and more liquidity
But for a full rundown of DeFi on Polygon
#zkEVM
now, follow the 🐇
✈️High-level view
🔮Oracles
🌉Bridging
📊DEXs/lending/LPs
🗓️What’s coming
Dragonfruit upgrade: Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
Date: Wed, 20th Sept 2023
Time: 7:30AM UTC / 09:30AM CEST
Duration: ~2 hours
Once Dragon Fruit is implemented, Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta will be up to date with the latest version of Solidity, maintaining the rollup’s equivalence…
👉🏾🪪 THREE exciting updates were made to the
#PolygonID
Identity Infrastructure tools to make it easier for devs to integrate decentralized identity into dApps.
→ Better Integration
→ Better UX
→ New Tools
Look Back: a weekly progress report & metrics for Polygon
#zkEVM
. The future of Ethereum scaling is happening
#onPolygon
today.
A breakdown of the numbers below.
Total # of Polygon zkEVM wallet addresses as of 1/20
The cdk-erigon RPC node is coming to Polygon zkEVM. It’s available now for testing—repo link below.
Early, unofficial benchmarks show orders of magnitude performance gains in max tps and sync times.
Developed by the
@gateway_eth
team, cdk-erigon is the high-performance client…
Excited for the final testnet? ⚡️
Join
@0xGrace0x
,
@jbaylina
&
@davidsrz
tomorrow as they discuss the final testnet outcomes and updates in progress for the most awaited mainnet zkEVM.
Keep your questions ready and set your reminders now 👇🏼
On the community call for Polygon zkEVM,
@jbaylina
encouraged devs to verify their smart contracts: “In the early days of Ethereum, verifying smart contracts was part of the culture.”
So how do you verify your smart contract on Polygon
#zkEVM
?
UPDATE: Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
This update introduces the latest versions of both the Node and Prover components.
Date: Wednesday, Sep 6th
Time: 11:00 UTC / 13:00 CEST
Duration: ~ 1 hour
Note: During this update, the network will be temporarily unavailable.
Read more -…
Following the 10-day timelock, the latest upgrade to Polygon zkEVM is now live on mainnet. The Etrog upgrade brings support for four additional precompiled smart contracts—a major step towards becoming a full Type 2 ZK-EVM.
End users don’t need to take any action—everything will…
In the latest installment of
@AvailProject
's whiteboard series,
@bobbinth
and
@prabalbanerjee
dive into core architectural concepts of Polygon Miden and the principles shaping the unique ZK rollup’s development.
Full episode here:
Polygon Miden,…
Upcoming Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta Update
An update of Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta infrastructure will occur on November 23, at 13:00 UTC. The update should take approximately 30 minutes. The network will be available during the update, except for ~2 mins for sequencer restart.…
EIP-4844 is a core component of Ethereum's rollup-centric roadmap. Proto DankSharding will increase data availability for L2s to ~.5MB per L1 block by introducing blob data, a specialized resource for rollups.
For the latest on EIP-4844 & Cancun upgrade, check
@TimBeiko
's thread:
Had another
@etherum
#ACDE
call today: most of it focused on 4844, with some brief discussion of L2 EIPs, and overall Cancun planning 🏖️
Agenda:
Stream:
Recap below 👇
Important reminder: There is one week left before the
#zkEVM
initial testnet will be deprecated on January 12.
To access the old testnet, you need to edit your connections and rename the URLs using:
More below.
The state model in Polygon Miden gives users the option to store their account and note data in two ways:
1. Public and on-chain
2. Private and off-chain
These options create different degrees of privacy.
With public storage, the data is on-chain and visible to everyone.…
Out-of-the box compatibility with different token standards is one of the many (many) benefits of EVM-equivalence.
Here's the variety of tokens and coins that have been bridged to Polygon
#zkEVM
:
In 2021, Polygon Labs placed a bet on ZK to scale Ethereum. It was a big bet, sure, but one that was available to anyone willing to make it
Last month, Polygon Labs’s co-founders got together to discuss how far those efforts have come
WATCH
#zk2023
👇🏿
UPDATE: Network rehash and resync completed successfully.
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta rehashing + bridge L2 resync has completed successfully and the system has resumed full activities.
Thank you for your patience.
Please use while Polygonscan zkEVM…
UPCOMING: NETWORK REHASHING
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta Network Rehashing + Bridge L2 resync is scheduled for the coming week.
Note: This does not impact the state of the network or any past transactions or any L1 information.
Date: Mon, Sept 18
Time: 10:30 AM CEST / 08:30 AM…
UPDATE REMINDER: Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
This update introduces the latest versions of both the Node and Prover components.
During this update, the network will be temporarily unavailable.
Date: Wednesday, Sep 6th
Time: 11:00 UTC / 13:00 CEST
Duration: ~ 1 hour
UPDATE: Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
This update introduces the latest versions of both the Node and Prover components.
Date: Wednesday, Sep 6th
Time: 11:00 UTC / 13:00 CEST
Duration: ~ 1 hour
Note: During this update, the network will be temporarily unavailable.
Read more -…
This month, the team behind Polygon Miden released a new version of Miden VM (v0.7). This latest version includes a variety of new features, the sum of which improved VM performance by 30%. Among those new features is a variation of Falcon signature verification, a key building…
One of the most exciting things in this release are the two additions to Miden stdlib:
- Compact Sparse Merkle trees with 256-bit keys.
- Falcon signature verification.
Both of these are the key building blocks for the Miden rollup.
The testnet *nearly* reached 300k transactions, a milestone for the future of scaling Ethereum, and a testament to the maturity of Polygon
#zkEVM
.
Other BIG NEWS is coming soon. Until then, a quick rundown of all Polygon zkEVM metrics for last week, showing continued momentum 📈
The second—and final—testnet for Polygon
#zkEVM
has arrived.
Polygon zkEVM now supports recursion, improving throughput by using SNARK proofs to validate other STARK proofs
Here’s everything you need to know about the final testnet for Polygon zkEVM👇🏾
We’re following Friday stats with Monday stats for Polygon zkEVM.
What’s the profile of users on Polygon
#zkEVM
?
To date, there are ~100k total addresses, which includes wallets and contracts
This week, the researchers and engineers building Polygon Miden completed a test version of the node that will manage the state of the rollup. This is what the Miden Node does and how it functions for user-generated state transitions.
The basic functions of this first version of…
Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta is getting its first major upgrade: Dragon Fruit, aka ForkID5.
The tx containing the proposal was accepted earlier today:
For more on Dragon Fruit and how to test it today, follow the 🧵
EIP-4844 (Proto-Danksharding) is coming to Ethereum⚙️
Rollup-fees are predicted to decrease by ~ 20x!
Here's everything you need to know, explained simply👇
To achieve parallel execution in Polygon Miden, researchers had to look beyond account-based systems like Ethereum to UTXO-based systems like Bitcoin and Zcash. The end result is a transaction model distinct among ZK rollups.
📢 zkDay 2.0
🗓 MARCH 27
✨Launch of Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta✨
The journey to the frontiers of Web3 that will take Ethereum further than ever before ⚡️
special guest ➡️
@VitalikButerin
⬅️ 👏🏿
& we're joining forces w/
@ETHGlobal
[more on that soon]
To participate in the ongoing Polygon zkEVM testnet, follow the link below. And watch this space for more announcements.
Thank you to the entire Ethereum community. We do it all for you, and we couldn’t do it without you.
Polygon
#zkEVM
Mainnet Beta is almost here, but Polygon zkEVM is not yet feature-complete. And so here is what users can expect next week.
Follow this thread for alpha on:
⚙️Service availability
🛟Security and best practices
🎭Performance
The public testnet for Polygon
#zkEVM
now supports Etherscan, the most advanced, down-since-day-one block explorer for searching and browsing Ethereum txns 🗂️🔎
12/ Polygon 2.0 blends the megachain and multichain approaches, meaning capacity can always be added to meet demand in the form of new, ZK-powered blockspace.
Dragonfruit upgrade: Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta
Date: Wed, 20th Sept 2023
Time: 7:30AM UTC / 09:30AM CEST
Duration: ~2 hours
Once Dragon Fruit is implemented, Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta will be up to date with the latest version of Solidity, maintaining the rollup’s equivalence…
The Elderberry upgrade is now live on Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta. The upgrade brings ROM optimizations that will reduce certain out-of-counter errors on the network. End users do not need to take any action, but infra devs need to update to the latest node and prover.
For repos…
The 10-day timelock for upgrading Polygon zkEVM Mainnet Beta was triggered earlier today. The Inca Berry upgrade brings with it bug fixes and cryptographic optimizations; there are also updated versions of the node and prover. Devs or users that want to verify and test Inca…
In the real world, we are known by a single identity, but when we enter the digital world, things get complicated. We are fragmented - forced to create a new version of ourselves for various services & providers.
It's a tedious process that requires building trust from scratch.
👉💥👈
It’s been a great run during the last few weeks after the announcement of the merger.
We would like to take a moment to introduce the Polygon Hermez team to the rest of the
#Polygon
ecosystem.
Check us out on this blog post 👇
#Ethereum
#zk
Polygon
#zkEVM
was built around bytecode-level compatibility with the EVM, rather than language-level compatibility.
But plenty of other ZK rollups take the language-level approach. So why was this design choice made?